美国农村和城市之间的差异,为艾滋病毒预防提供信息
Pamela A Williams1, Jennifer D Uhrig2, Brittany A Zulkiewicz2
1RTI International, 3040 East Cornwallis Road, PO Box 12194, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709 - 2194, USA. pamwilliams410@gmail.com.
AIDS and behavior
|May 6, 2025
概括
农村人士认为艾滋病毒风险和耻辱感较低,对暴露前预防 (PrEP) 的认识较低. 定制的艾滋病毒预防信息对于农村人口来说至关重要,以改善PrEP的吸收和明智的决策.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 行为科学 行为科学
背景情况:
- 预防艾滋病毒的努力传统上集中在城市环境中,尽管在非城市地区发生的大量新艾滋病毒诊断.
- 了解艾滋病毒风险感知,耻辱和暴露前预防 (PrEP) 意识的农村和城市差异对于有效的公共卫生战略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 探索农村和城市人口之间的差异,涉及感知艾滋病毒风险,耻辱和暴露前预防 (PrEP) 意识,态度,信仰,沟通行为和使用.
- 为各种人群制定有针对性的沟通信息,促进对艾滋病毒预防选择 (包括PrEP) 的知情决策.
主要方法:
- 在简短的调查之前,对255名成年人进行了采访,这些成年人来自美国5个农村和6个城市地区,这些地区的艾滋病毒负担很高.
- 数据收集的重点是感知艾滋病毒风险,耻辱感,PrEP意识,态度,信仰,沟通行为和PrEP使用.
主要成果:
- 与城市参与者相比,农村参与者报告认为艾滋病毒风险较低,与艾滋病毒检测,PrEP使用和艾滋病毒状况相关的耻辱感较高.
- 农村参与者对PrEP的认识较低,与医疗保健提供者对PrEP的讨论较少.
- 没有农村参与者报告使用PrEP,尽管有很大比例的人面临艾滋病毒的重大风险.
结论:
- 在农村和城市人口之间,在艾滋病毒风险感知,耻辱和PrEP意识和使用方面存在显著的差异.
- 艾滋病毒预防沟通策略必须量身定制,以满足农村社区的具体需求和背景,以提高人们对预防方法 (如PrEP) 的接受度和采用率.
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