使用2024年LDHS数据的莱索托12-23个月龄儿童的脊髓灰质炎疫苗接种和边际影响:多层次分析方法
Kassahun Animut Metkie1, Yordanos Sisay Asgedom2, Seblewongel Gebretsadik Sertsewold3
1Department of Statistics, College of Natural and Computational Science, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia.
PloS one
|May 6, 2025
概括
脊髓灰质炎疫苗接种对于预防传染病至关重要. 在莱索托,近30%的12-23个月龄的儿童没有得到完整的疫苗接种,这凸显了改善卫生服务和增加产前护理访问的需要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 儿童健康 儿童健康
背景情况:
- 脊髓灰质炎疫苗接种对于预防所有年龄段的传染病至关重要.
- 世界卫生组织 (WHO) 和莱索托的卫生战略将疫苗接种作为疾病预防和控制的优先事项.
- 了解脊髓灰质炎疫苗接种状况的决定因素对于有针对性的干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 确定影响莱索托12-23个月龄儿童脊髓灰质炎疫苗接种状况的因素.
- 确定关键变量对脊髓灰质炎疫苗接种状况的边际影响.
主要方法:
- 莱索托人口和健康调查 (LDHS) 数据对490名儿童 (12-23个月) 的分析.
- 使用频率和百分比呈现的患病率.
- 用于分析异质性和决定因素的多层次顺序建模,基于IC值的模型选择.
主要成果:
- 大约29.6%的儿童没有得到全面的脊髓灰质炎疫苗接种.
- 多层次分析证实了各个集群的显著差异 (ICC = 15.88%),证明了模型选择的合理性.
- 关键决定因素包括地区类型,医疗机构访问,ANC访问,分娩地点和家庭规模.
结论:
- 脊髓灰质炎疫苗接种对于莱索托和全球儿童发展至关重要.
- 几乎30%的儿童仍然没有接种疫苗,与地区和母亲ANC访问有关的变化有关.
- 干预措施应侧重于改善医疗保健服务和促进产前护理,以提高疫苗接种率.
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