2024年3月,肯尼亚马萨比特县疟疾疫情的描述,肯尼亚,2024年3月
Peter Wachira Muguku1,2, Fredrick Odhiambo1, James Sang2
1Kenya Field Epidemiology and Training Program (K-FELTP), Nairobi, Kenya.
概括
马萨比特县经历了大雨后的疟疾爆发,病例显著增加,主要是Plasmodium falciparum. 调查强调需要持续监测疟疾物种,以加强监测工作.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
背景情况:
- 肯尼亚的疟疾流行病学因地理和气候的多样性而变化很大.
- 半干旱地区在季节性降雨后容易爆发疟疾.
- 马萨比特县在2023年11月经历了异常高的降雨量,疟疾病例急剧增加.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查肯尼亚马萨比特县发生的疟疾疫情,该县发生了一次严重的降雨事件.
- 引导实施有效的预防和控制战略.
- 分析疟疾爆发的特征和促成因素.
主要方法:
- 审查了2023年12月至2024年2月的常规疟疾监测数据.
- 来自12个医疗保健机构的抽象数据超过了确定的行动值.
- 进行数据质量评估和社区焦点小组讨论.
主要成果:
- 发现疟疾病例增加了345%,分析了757例病例.
- 病例的中位数年龄为17岁,集中在10-20岁年龄组;男性主要受到影响 (56.0%).
- 原虫是主要的物种 (94.9%的显微镜确诊病例),与P. vivax和P. ovale.一起. 严重的疟疾发生在11.9%的病例中,有3人死亡. 在一些设施中,报告准确度不足以达到最佳水平.
结论:
- 疫情主要是由Plasmodium falciparum疟疾驱动的,其他Plasmodium物种也有所贡献.
- 主要受影响的人口是10-20岁的男性.
- 建议对疟疾物种进行持续监测,以提高监测和应对效率.
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