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空气污染和早产:比较北卡罗来纳州出生队列的季度平均值和重复值暴露指标,2003-2015年

Sanjida J Mowla¹, Alison K Krajewski², Adrien A Wilkie²

¹Oak Ridge Institute of Science and Education (ORISE) Research Participant at the United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.

Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology

|May 6, 2025

概括

怀孕期间接触臭氧和PM2.5等空气污染物与早产 (PTB) 有关. 不同的暴露测量方法揭示了不同的风险,这表明重复暴露指标可能对PTB风险评估更有信息.

科学领域:

环境流行病学环境流行病学
生殖健康生殖健康
空气质量科学空气质量科学

背景情况:

产前暴露于环境空气污染物是早产 (PTB) 的已知危险因素.
之前的研究经常在敏感性关键窗口期间使用平均污染物度.
对于评估PTB风险的最有效的暴露指标仍然存在不确定性.

研究的目的:

评估怀孕期间臭氧 (O3) 和细颗粒物 (PM2.5) 暴露与PTB风险之间的关联.
用连续平均暴露指标与重复超过值的分类指标对比风险估计.
为减轻PTB提供空气质量标准和公共卫生战略的信息.

主要方法:

分析北卡罗来纳州出生证明数据 (2003-2015年) 对于没有出生缺陷的单独出生.
利用美国环保署的fCMAQ模型来估计每日和三个月的O3和PM2.5.5平均暴露量.
使用修改的波桑回归来计算PTB的调整风险差异 (RD),基于各种风险指标和值.

主要成果:

一组1,368,370个分娩显示了8.4%的PTBs.
平均和值超值曝光指标之间的一致性有所不同,随着值的上升而下降.
对O3的风险差异 (RDs) 范围为-31至29 (平均值) 和-2至89 (值超值).
对于PM2.5的RDs在23到120 (平均值) 和-227到118 (超过值) 之间.

结论:

怀孕期间空气污染物的不同暴露指标产生异质的PTB风险估计.
重复暴露指标,特别是超过值,可能会比单独平均度更细致地了解PTB风险.
这些发现有助于解决空气质量审查中的不确定性,并完善PTB预防策略.

关键词:

曝光度指标曝光度指标微细颗粒物质的细颗粒物质的细颗粒物质臭氧臭氧是什么?臭氧臭氧是什么过早分娩过早分娩是什么重复的风险是重复的风险.

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