DNA分析师与人为因素的经验:定量和定性快照
Haley R Dawson1, Devon LaBat1, Maria Sparacino1
1Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA.
Journal of forensic sciences
|May 7, 2025
概括
法医DNA分析师在超过三分之一的案件中遇到偏见信息. 虽然实验室有偏见政策,但分析师需要更多地培训法庭沟通和管理上下文信息,以改善专家证词.
科学领域:
- 法医科学 法医科学 法医科学
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 法律证词 法律证词
背景情况:
- 认知偏见可能会影响法医专家的DNA分析和法庭证词.
- 有限的研究存在于现实世界的DNA检查员与偏见的经验和他们的培训需求.
研究的目的:
- 调查法医DNA分析师在案例工作中对认知偏见的经验.
- 了解他们对专家证词和人为因素培训的需求.
主要方法:
- 全国对法医DNA分析师的调查,使用利克尔特尺度和开放式问题.
- 收集关于接触偏见信息,实验室政策和专家证词经验的数据.
主要成果:
- 分析师报告说,在37%的案件中,他们收到有偏见的信息,通常来自目击者的身份识别.
- 60%的实验室有偏见缓解政策;90%的分析师提供了专家证词.
- 分析师们确定了在传播统计数据,回答假设问题以及一般法院有效性方面的培训需求.
结论:
- 实验室与国家科学院关于偏见政策的建议保持一致.
- 需要改进,以限制分析师暴露于偏见信息的风险,并加强人力因素培训.
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