在阿富汗的皮肤莱什曼病
Bilal Ahmad Rahimi1, Mohammad Amin Ghatee2, Muhammad Naeem Habib3
1Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kandahar University, Kandahar 3801, Afghanistan.
概括
阿富汗的旧世界皮肤雷什曼病 (OWCL),主要是由热带雷什曼病和大雷什曼病引起的,由于其高患病率和影响卫生系统,因此存在重大挑战. 有有效的治疗选择,包括抗和米尔特福辛,但需要进一步的研究.
科学领域:
- 寄生虫学和热带医学
- 传染病流行病学 传染病流行病学
- 皮肤病学 皮肤病学
背景情况:
- 旧世界皮肤雷什曼病 (OWCL) 是一种沙传播的感染,在非洲和亚洲普遍存在,阿富汗的负担特别高.
- 在阿富汗的主要致病原体是热带莱什马尼亚 (人类感染) 和大莱什马尼亚 (动物感染),而热带莱什马尼亚更为常见,特别是在城市地区.
- 几十年的冲突严重破坏了阿富汗的卫生基础设施,使疾病控制工作复杂化.
研究的目的:
- 审查阿富汗皮肤莱什曼病 (CL) 的流行病学和临床特征.
- 突出该国疾病控制和治疗方面的挑战.
- 确定未来研究的潜在领域,以改善阿富汗的CL管理.
主要方法:
- 审查现有的文学和有关阿富汗的CL流行病学和临床表现的数据.
- 对物种分布的分析,重点是热带莱什马尼亚和大莱什马尼亚.
- 检查可用的治疗选择及其报告的疗效,包括抗金药和米尔特福辛.
主要成果:
- 阿富汗的CL患病率在5-10岁的儿童中达到顶峰,结节,结节和斑块是最常见的病变类型.
- 治愈的CL病变会导致色素剥离的痕,往往会导致严重的心理社会痛苦.
- 注射性抗氧化剂仍然是公共部门的主要治疗方法,有事证据表明其有效性很高;口服的米尔特福辛也显示出有前途.
结论:
- 皮肤莱什曼病在阿富汗是一个严重的公共卫生问题,其特点是特定的与年龄相关的患病率和病变类型.
- 控制策略受到脆弱的卫生系统和持续的不稳定性所阻碍.
- 进一步的临床试验和研究对于优化阿富汗LC的治疗方案和控制策略至关重要.
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