口服抗凝剂治疗与住院并发症和死亡率之间的关联
Juliana Lagrave1,2, Laia Domingo1,2,3, Jaime Barceló-Vidal4
1Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.
British journal of clinical pharmacology
|May 7, 2025
概括
与维生素K对抗剂 (VKA) 相比,直接口服抗凝剂 (DOAC) 在住院手术患者中对出血并发症具有保护作用. 这支持在医院环境中越来越多地使用DOAC.
科学领域:
- 心脏病学 心脏病学
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
- 医院 医院 医疗 医疗 医疗 医疗
背景情况:
- 直接口服抗凝剂 (DOAC) 和维生素K对抗剂 (VKA) 是住院患者使用的关键抗凝剂.
- 了解它们的比较安全性,特别是关于出血并发症,对于临床实践至关重要.
- 在住院患者的环境中,DOAC和VKA使用模式一直在发展.
研究的目的:
- 分析住院患者中DOAC和VKA使用的趋势.
- 调查DOAC和VKA使用与住院出血并发症发生率之间的关联.
- 检查这些抗凝剂对住院死亡率的影响.
主要方法:
- 采用了观察性,横截面研究设计,分析了2018年至2022年期间住院的74,190名患者 (≥18岁) 的数据.
- 患者数据来源于最低数据集记录,与药房数据相匹配,以识别DOAC和VKA用户.
- 使用多变量逻辑回归模型来评估出血并发症和死亡率的风险,根据相关的共同变量进行调整,并按医疗和手术患者的个人资料进行分层.
主要成果:
- 在研究期间,DOAC使用量增加了45.11%,其中4,774名患者使用DOAC,1,768名患者使用VKA.
- 与VKA用户 (2.8%;P=.032) 相比,接受DOAC治疗的患者表现出较低的出血并发症率 (1.9%).
- 在手术患者 (OR=0.65) 中使用DOAC观察到出血并发症的统计显著减少,但在医学患者中没有 (OR=0.59). 对于这两组人群来说,都没有发现对死亡率有重大影响.
结论:
- 在住院患者中增加DOAC的使用与降低出血并发症的风险有关,特别是在手术患者中.
- 这些发现支持DOAC在住院护理中的作用和安全性不断扩大,特别是在手术患者中.
- 进一步的研究可能会探索在各种住院医疗条件中最佳的DOAC策略.
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