免疫接种覆盖,平等和残疾儿童接种:对挑战,策略和经验教训进行全面审查,以减少零剂量儿童的数量
Godfrey Musuka1, Diego F Cuadros2, F DeWolfe Miller3
1International Initiative for Impact Evaluation, Harare P.O. Box 0002, Zimbabwe.
Vaccines
|May 7, 2025
概括
在低收入和中等收入国家,残疾儿童面临着严重的免疫障碍. 应对系统和社会挑战对于疫苗公平性和改善这一弱势群体的健康结果至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 关于残疾人的研究.
背景情况:
- 低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs) 的残疾儿童患疫苗可预防疾病的风险更高.
- 系统和社会障碍往往会阻止这一群体平等获得免疫接种.
- 解决这些障碍对于减少零剂量患病率和改善健康结果至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 对有关免疫障碍和残疾儿童的干预措施的文献进行范围审查.
- 为了确定影响疫苗公平和健康结果的因素,在这个脆弱的群体.
- 为改善疫苗接种措施和政策提供信息,以实现公平的免疫接种.
主要方法:
- 从2010-2024年对同行评审和灰色文献进行范围审查.
- 在PubMed,谷歌学者和世卫组织/联合国儿童基金会报告中的搜索.
- 12篇主题综合包括英语文章,重点关注障碍,干预和经验教训.
主要成果:
- 主要障碍包括医疗保健基础设施不足,提供者培训不足,农村跟进有限,耻辱和关于残疾和疫苗的误解.
- 积极因素包括母亲教育,护理人员支持和包容性疫苗接种设置.
- 有效的策略包括移动单位,量身定制的干预措施,基于学校的计划和社区参与.
结论:
- 由于个人,卫生系统和社会障碍的交叉,残疾儿童仍然存在显著的免疫覆盖差距.
- 针对性干预,包容性政策和加强基础设施对于公平的疫苗接种至关重要.
- 通过沟通和灵活的护理计划赋予家庭权力,对于改善获得救命疫苗的机会至关重要.
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