探讨基于金的化生物制剂的链接结构和抗菌活性之间的相关性:芳香与非芳香架构相比
Nikita A Frolov1, Mary A Seferyan1, Elena V Detusheva2
1N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prospect 47, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
European journal of medicinal chemistry
|May 7, 2025
概括
新的基于的双四元化合物 (bis-QAC) 显示出强大的抗微生物和抗菌膜活性. 与现有选择相比,这些新型生物杀菌剂的毒性降低,耐药性降低,提供了一个有前途的替代品.
科学领域:
- 药用化学 医学化学
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
背景情况:
- 电离子生物制剂,特别是四级化合物 (QACs),对于各种环境中的微生物控制至关重要.
- 增加QAC的使用,特别是在COVID-19期间,引起了人们对抗菌素耐药性的担忧.
- 迫切需要新型生物制剂,以提高疗效和减少耐药性发展.
研究的目的:
- 为了合成和表征新的基于的bis-QAC与混合链接剂.
- 评估这些新化合物对各种病原体的广泛生物活性.
- 与商业消毒剂相比,评估它们的抗药性发展和血液毒性潜力.
主要方法:
- 利用了两个不同的合成方法来创建新的bis-QAC架构.
- 对26种微生物病原体进行了广泛的生物活性测定,包括ESKAPEE菌株,真菌和生物膜.
- 对抗细菌,抗菌膜,血液毒性和抗性潜力对octenidine进行了比较分析.
主要成果:
- 新的bis-QACs表现出显著的抗菌和抗菌膜疗效.
- 在暴露后15-30分钟内实现了快速的细菌根除.
- 与octenidine相比,血毒性降低了4.5倍,并降低了细菌耐药性发展的潜力.
结论:
- 合成的基于的bis-QACs代表了一个有前途的新类生物杀伤剂.
- 这些化合物提供了增强的疗效,安全性,并降低了耐药性风险.
- 这些发现为开发下一代bis-QACs作为高效抗菌剂提供了基础.
相关概念视频
Basicity of Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines
5.4K
Heterocyclic amines, where the N atom is a part of an alicyclic system, are similar in basicity to alkylamines. Interestingly, the heterocyclic amine having a nitrogen atom as part of an aromatic ring has much less basicity than its corresponding alicyclic counterpart. For this reason, as presented in Figure 1, piperidine (pKb = 2.8) is significantly more basic than pyridine (pKb = 8.8).
5.4K
Alkyl Halides
15.6K
Structural Properties
Alkyl halides are halogen-substituted alkanes wherein one or more hydrogen atoms of an alkane is replaced by a halogen atom such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine. The carbon atom in an alkyl halide is bonded to the halogen atom, which is sp3-hybridized and exhibits a tetrahedral shape.
Unlike alkyl halides, compounds in which a halogen atom is bonded to an sp2 -hybridized carbon atom of a carbon-carbon double bond (C=C) are called vinyl halides. Whereas aryl...
Alkyl halides are halogen-substituted alkanes wherein one or more hydrogen atoms of an alkane is replaced by a halogen atom such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine. The carbon atom in an alkyl halide is bonded to the halogen atom, which is sp3-hybridized and exhibits a tetrahedral shape.
Unlike alkyl halides, compounds in which a halogen atom is bonded to an sp2 -hybridized carbon atom of a carbon-carbon double bond (C=C) are called vinyl halides. Whereas aryl...
15.6K
Aromatic Hydrocarbon Anions: Structural Overview
2.6K
Neutral hydrocarbons like cyclopentadiene with an odd number of carbon atoms and one intervening CH2 group in the ring are not aromatic. Cyclopentadiene with 4 π electrons does not satisfy the 4n + 2 π electron rule. Additionally, the intervening CH2 group is sp3 hybridized and lacks a vacant p orbital, thereby interrupting the overlap of p orbitals in a continuous manner and preventing the delocalization of π electrons throughout the ring.
Due to the absence of continuous...
Due to the absence of continuous...
2.6K
Basicity of Aromatic Amines
7.0K
The basicity of aromatic amines is much weaker than that of aliphatic amines due to the involvement of the lone pair of electrons over the N atom in resonance with the aryl rings. Generally, the electron-donating ability of any substituents on the aryl ring of aromatic amines increases the basicity of the amine by increasing electron density, and hence the availability of lone pair on the nitrogen. On the other hand, electron-withdrawing functional groups on the aryl ring of amines decrease the...
7.0K
ortho–para-Directing Deactivators: Halogens
5.2K
Halogens are ortho–para directors. They are more electronegative than carbon. Therefore, as ring substituents, they can withdraw electrons through the inductive effect and deactivate the aromatic ring towards electrophilic substitution. Halogens also have an electron-donating resonance effect on the ring, which influences the orientation of the incoming electrophile. If an electrophile attacks at the ortho or the para position, the halogen donates electrons and stabilizes the intermediate...
5.2K
Aromatic Hydrocarbon Cations: Structural Overview
2.6K
Cycloheptatriene is a neutral monocyclic unsaturated hydrocarbon that consists of an odd number of carbon atoms and an intervening sp3 carbon in the ring. The three double bonds in the ring correspond to 6 π electrons, which is a Huckel number, and therefore satisfies the criteria of 4n + 2 π electrons. However, the intervening sp3 carbon disrupts the continuous overlap of p orbitals. As a result, cycloheptatriene is not aromatic.
Removing one hydrogen from the intervening CH2 group...
Removing one hydrogen from the intervening CH2 group...
2.6K


