产前逆境和新生儿大脑连接与2岁时新兴的执行功能有关
Rachel E Lean1, Jeanette K Kenley1, Aidan R Latham1
1Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
概括
产前社会劣势影响儿童新兴的执行功能 (EF). 新生儿白质 (WM) 微观结构也与EF有关,无论产前逆境水平如何.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 早期的生活逆境可以破坏大脑发育和执行功能 (EF).
- 产前逆境对新生儿白质 (WM) 微观结构的具体影响及其与新出现的EF的关系尚未完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 调查产前逆境 (社会劣势和母亲压力) 与幼儿新生EF之间的关联.
- 检查新生儿WM微观结构和静止状态功能连接 (rs-fc) 在调解或调节这种关系中的作用.
主要方法:
- 对164名婴儿进行前性研究,对孕产前的社会劣势和母亲的压力进行了评估.
- 新生儿扩散张力成像 (DTI) 和 rs-fc MRI 扫描得到了.
- 儿童的EF在2岁时使用明尼苏达州执行功能尺度进行评估.
主要成果:
- 产前社会劣势 (PSD) 与较差的新兴EF相关.
- WM微观结构,包括部分异构性 (FA) 和特定区域的平均扩散性 (MD) (体,下面的额头囊,皮层脊髓,未烧结),与EF结果相关.
- 在PSD和EF之间的关系中,没有发现WM微结构的显著缓和或调解效应. 经过校正后,rs-fc发现没有显著意义.
结论:
- 产前社会劣势与受损的新兴执行功能有关.
- 新生儿白质微观结构独立地与执行功能发展有关.
- 支持产前社会福利的干预措施可能有利于新生儿的大脑和早期神经发育结果.
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