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相关概念视频

Psychosis and Antipsychotic Drugs: Overview01:28

Psychosis and Antipsychotic Drugs: Overview

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The term "psychosis" refers to a spectrum of mental disorders characterized by abnormal thoughts, perceptions, and behaviors. It can manifest as mood disorders, dementia, delirium with psychotic features, substance-induced psychosis with psychotic features, brief psychotic disorder, delusional disorder, schizoaffective disorder, and schizophrenia. Among all these disorders, schizophrenia is the most common psychotic disorder, affecting 1% of the worldwide population. Psychotic...
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Psychosis: Goals of Pharmacotherapy01:26

Psychosis: Goals of Pharmacotherapy

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Antipsychotic drugs are a crucial treatment method for acute and chronic psychoses, bipolar illness, and behavioral disorders. The selection of these drugs depends on several factors, including the state of the disease, clinical judgment, possible drug interactions, and the patient's sensitivity to adverse effects. In immediate scenarios, such as delirium and dementia, short-term treatment with low doses of high-potency typical or atypical agents can effectively manage symptom exacerbation.
95
Antipsychotic Drugs: Typical and Atypical Agents01:21

Antipsychotic Drugs: Typical and Atypical Agents

123
Antipsychotic drugs are classified into first-generation (typical) drugs including phenothiazines; and second-generation (atypical) drugs. Chlorpromazine hydrochloride (Thorazine), a phenothiazine derivative, broadly impacts the central, autonomic, and endocrine systems. This drug, along with typical agents like haloperidol (Haldol), primarily works by antagonizing D2 receptors, thus reducing dopaminergic neurotransmission. However, typical antipsychotics can cause side effects such as sedation...
123
Antipsychotic Drugs: Therapeutic Uses and Side Effects01:21

Antipsychotic Drugs: Therapeutic Uses and Side Effects

105
Antipsychotic drugs primarily block dopamine and serotonin receptors and cholinergic, adrenergic, and histaminergic receptors, thereby reducing hallucinations and delusions in conditions like schizophrenia. However, they can trigger unwanted extrapyramidal effects such as dystonias, Parkinson-like symptoms, and tardive dyskinesia.
Despite these side effects, antipsychotics are used therapeutically for various purposes, including managing schizophrenia, preventing nausea and vomiting, curbing...
105
Biological Causes of Schizophrenia01:29

Biological Causes of Schizophrenia

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Schizophrenia, a severe psychiatric disorder, arises from a complex interplay of biological factors, including genetic predisposition, structural brain abnormalities, neurotransmitter dysregulation, and developmental irregularities. These factors collectively contribute to the onset and progression of the disorder, which typically manifests in late adolescence or early adulthood.
Genetic Factors in Schizophrenia
The genetic basis of schizophrenia is strongly supported by family and twin...
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Drug Therapy01:28

Drug Therapy

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The advent of drug therapy has profoundly shaped modern mental health care, providing targeted treatments for a range of psychological disorders. Psychotherapeutic drugs, classified into antianxiety, antidepressant, and antipsychotic medications, address symptoms across anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and schizophrenia. While these medications have transformed patient outcomes, they require careful management due to their potential side effects and limitations.
Antianxiety Medications
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相关实验视频

Updated: May 12, 2025

Author Spotlight: Studying Drug Impacts on Brain Signals Using Dual LFP Recording Protocol in Mice
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抗精神病药物在一周内引起可逆的结构性大脑变化.

Pierluigi Selvaggi1,2,3, Martin Osugo4,5, Uzma Zahid4,5

  • 1Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom. pierluigi.selvaggi@kcl.ac.uk.

Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology
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PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

像阿米苏普里德和阿里皮普拉这样的抗精神病药物可以在健康个体中暂时增加条纹体积. 这些脑部MRI变化在停止治疗后迅速正常化,表明药物效应,而不是疾病进展.

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科学领域:

  • 神经成像是一种神经成像.
  • 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
  • 精神病学是一个精神病学.

背景情况:

  • 了解抗精神病对大脑结构的影响对于解释患者的神经成像研究至关重要.
  • 在脑MRI中区分药物效应与疾病进展是一个重大挑战.

研究的目的:

  • 为了调查抗精神病药物暴露是否改变大脑MRI结构指标在健康志愿者中,独立于疾病影响.
  • 评估这些潜在的药物诱导变化的短暂性质.

主要方法:

  • 一个随机,双盲,交叉,安慰剂控制的健康参与者的研究.
  • 一周服用阿米苏普里德 (400毫克/天) 或阿里皮普拉 (10毫克/天),然后服用安慰剂,或者反之亦然.
  • 分析大脑MRI结构指标,包括体积估计,皮质厚度,表面积和T1放松时间.

主要成果:

  • 与安慰剂相比,阿米苏尔普里德增加了左膜和右尾膜体积.
  • 与安慰剂相比,阿里皮普拉增加了右门体积.
  • 皮质指标或T1放松时间没有显著变化;在药物戒断后,条状变化迅速逆转.

结论:

  • 短期抗精神病药物暴露会导致条纹体积的短暂,可逆增加.
  • 这些发现表明,精神分裂症患者的一些条状体积差异可能是由于抗精神病药物的作用.