Jove
Visualize
联系我们
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
关于 JoVE
概览领导团队博客JoVE 帮助中心
作者
出版流程编辑委员会范围与政策同行评审常见问题投稿
图书馆员
用户评价订阅访问资源图书馆顾问委员会常见问题
研究
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments存档
教育
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab Manual教师资源中心教师网站
使用条款与条件
隐私政策
政策

相关概念视频

The Nucleosome01:19

The Nucleosome

1.2K
Human DNA is almost two meters long. However, it is compressed inside a tiny nucleus measuring only a few microns in diameter. To make this degree of compaction possible, DNA is organized into several sequential levels so that it can fit into such a tiny space. The most compact form of DNA is a chromosome that can be seen under a microscope in a dividing cell.
In a chromosome, DNA is wound twice around a protein complex called a histone octamer core, which consists of 8 histone proteins. This...
1.2K
The Nucleosome Core Particle01:12

The Nucleosome Core Particle

806
Nucleosomes are the DNA-histone complex, where the DNA strand is wound around the histone core. The histone core is an octamer containing two copies of H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 histone proteins.
Nucleosomes, paradoxically, perform two opposite functions simultaneously. On the one hand, their primary aim is to protect the delicate DNA strands from physical damage and help achieve a higher compaction ratio. On the other hand, they must allow polymerase enzymes to access histone-bound DNA during...
806
Inheritance of Chromatin Structures03:17

Inheritance of Chromatin Structures

6.2K
Epigenetics is the study of inherited changes in a cell's phenotype without changing the DNA sequences. It provides a form of memory for the differential gene expression pattern to maintain cell lineage, position-effect variegation, dosage compensation, and maintenance of chromatin structures such as telomeres and centromeres. For example, the structure and location of the centromere on chromosomes are epigenetically inherited. Its functionality is not dictated or ensured by the underlying...
6.2K
Chromatin Packaging01:32

Chromatin Packaging

16.5K
Each human somatic cell contains 6 billion base pairs of DNA. Each base pair is 0.34 nm long, meaning each diploid cell contains a staggering 2 meters of DNA. This long DNA strand is packed inside a nucleus measuring only 10-20 microns in diameter with the help of specialized DNA-binding proteins called histones. Together they form a compact DNA-protein complex called chromatin. The chromatin is further compacted into higher-order structures. The highest level of compaction is achieved during...
16.5K
Nucleosome Remodeling02:54

Nucleosome Remodeling

8.8K
Nucleosomes are the basic units of chromatin compaction. Each nucleosome consists of the DNA bound tightly around a histone core, which makes the DNA inaccessible to DNA binding proteins such as DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase. Hence, the fundamental problem is to ensure access to DNA when appropriate, despite the compact and protective chromatin structure.
Nucleosome remodeling complex
Eukaryotic cells have specialized enzymes called ATP-dependent nucleosome remodeling enzymes. These enzymes...
8.8K
Genomic DNA in Eukaryotes00:58

Genomic DNA in Eukaryotes

46.5K
Eukaryotes have large genomes compared to prokaryotes. To fit their genomes into a cell, eukaryotic DNA is packaged extraordinarily tightly inside the nucleus. To achieve this, DNA is tightly wound around proteins called histones, which are packaged into nucleosomes that are joined by linker DNA and coil into chromatin fibers. Additional fibrous proteins further compact the chromatin, which is recognizable as chromosomes during certain phases of cell division.
46.5K

您也可能阅读

相关文章

通过共同作者、期刊和引用图与本文相关的文章。

排序
Same author

Knowledge Distillation of a Protein Language Model Yields a Foundational Implicit Solvent Model.

Journal of chemical theory and computation·2026
Same author

Cellular replisomes are powered by flex-fuel motors for unwinding DNA.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Cohesin activity accelerates the homology search.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

MOFF2: A Transferable Coarse-Grained Protein Force Field for Predictive Condensate Simulations.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

From molecular motors to chromosome architecture.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same author

A role for the poly-asparagine repeat in the Plasmodium histone acetyltransferase, PfGCN5.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Incoming US science academy chief vows to 'double down' on research.

Nature·2026
Same journal

Author Correction: Synthesis of enantioenriched atropisomers by biocatalytic deracemization.

Nature·2026
Same journal

Electrodeposited self-assembled molecules for perovskite photovoltaics.

Nature·2026
Same journal

Neutrino's nursery found: the 'Shadow Blaster'.

Nature·2026
Same journal

Dementia risk in middle-aged people linked to a blood protein.

Nature·2026
Same journal

Daily briefing: What's really happening with trust in science.

Nature·2026
查看所有相关文章

相关实验视频

Updated: May 12, 2025

Assembly of Nucleosomal Arrays from Recombinant Core Histones and Nucleosome Positioning DNA
10:40

Assembly of Nucleosomal Arrays from Recombinant Core Histones and Nucleosome Positioning DNA

Published on: September 10, 2013

22.5K

原生核细胞内在编码基因组组织原理

Sangwoo Park1, Raquel Merino-Urteaga2,3, Violetta Karwacki-Neisius2,4

  • 1Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.

Nature
|May 7, 2025
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

个体核体具有生物物理性质,称为凝结性,这决定了3D基因组组织到A/B区间. 这种特性与基因表达相关,主要是静电性,为染色体调节提供了洞察力.

更多相关视频

Author Spotlight: Getting an A with the 3Cs: Chromosome Conformation Capture for Undergraduates
09:13

Author Spotlight: Getting an A with the 3Cs: Chromosome Conformation Capture for Undergraduates

Published on: May 12, 2023

3.1K
Deciphering Molecular Mechanism of Histone Assembly by DNA Curtain Technique
06:32

Deciphering Molecular Mechanism of Histone Assembly by DNA Curtain Technique

Published on: March 9, 2022

1.7K

相关实验视频

Last Updated: May 12, 2025

Assembly of Nucleosomal Arrays from Recombinant Core Histones and Nucleosome Positioning DNA
10:40

Assembly of Nucleosomal Arrays from Recombinant Core Histones and Nucleosome Positioning DNA

Published on: September 10, 2013

22.5K
Author Spotlight: Getting an A with the 3Cs: Chromosome Conformation Capture for Undergraduates
09:13

Author Spotlight: Getting an A with the 3Cs: Chromosome Conformation Capture for Undergraduates

Published on: May 12, 2023

3.1K
Deciphering Molecular Mechanism of Histone Assembly by DNA Curtain Technique
06:32

Deciphering Molecular Mechanism of Histone Assembly by DNA Curtain Technique

Published on: March 9, 2022

1.7K

科学领域:

  • 基因组学
  • 生物物理
  • 分子生物学

背景情况:

  • 细胞基因组通过核细胞组组织成欧基色素 (A区) 和异基色素 (B区).
  • 个体核体的生物物理性质及其在大规模基因组组织中的作用仍然不完全理解.

研究的目的:

  • 调查单个核体是否含有足够的信息来将3D基因组组织成A/B区.
  • 确定单核细胞的生物物理性质,特别是凝结性,以及它们与基因组组和基因表达的关系.

主要方法:

  • 净化原生单核细胞以达到高单分散性.
  • 使用多氨酸的生理度评估核细胞凝结能力.
  • 染色体聚合物模拟将核体凝结度作为唯一的输入.
  • 对小鼠T细胞核体凝结性的多胺耗尽效应的分析.

主要成果:

  • A区的染色体区域具有较低的核细胞凝结能力,而B区则具有较高的凝结能力.
  • 染色体聚合物模拟准确地复制了A/B区,使用凝结度作为唯一的参数.
  • 细胞类型依赖的基因表达具有强烈的抗相关性,特别是在促进体附近.
  • 编码在核体中的基因组组织原理主要是静电的.
  • 聚胺枯竭导致高极化凝结,在3D基因组组织中凸显对比.

结论:

  • 单核细胞具有内在的生物物理特性,决定了3D基因组组织和基因活动.
  • 核细胞凝结性作为一种新兴性质,将高维细胞染色质状态投射到自然轴上.
  • 核相互作用的静电性质是基因组组织的一个关键原则,聚氨酸在将这些特性转化为3D结构中发挥着至关重要的作用.