一个简单的表面-散装分区模型,用于估计细化气溶颗粒的大小依赖的表面张力
Rikuto Minamikawa1,2, Man Nin Chan3,4, Masao Gen2
1Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Material, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.
Environmental science & technology
|May 9, 2025
概括
一个新的模型预测了气溶表面张力,这对云形成至关重要. 这解释了表面活性剂在小滴中的耗尽,通过准确评估云凝结核活动来改善气候预测.
科学领域:
- 大气化学和物理大气化学和物理
- 云的微物理学 云的微物理学
- 表面化学 表面化学
背景情况:
- 大气中的气溶通过散射太阳辐射和作为云凝聚核 (CCN) 来影响气候.
- 气溶激活成云滴是由科勒理论控制的,科勒理论对气溶表面张力敏感.
- 预测表面张力是复杂的,因为表面活性剂的散装耗尽,这随着滴滴大小而变化.
研究的目的:
- 开发一个简单的表面-散装分区模型,用于预测微观气溶滴的尺寸依赖的表面张力.
- 研究尺寸依赖的表面张力对气溶激活和云凝结核 (CCN) 活动的影响.
主要方法:
- 开发了一个基于Langmuir吸附异温的表面-散装分区模型.
- 该模型预测了微观水滴的体积耗尽和尺寸依赖的表面张力.
- 模型预测与含有非离子表面活性剂和NaCl与二硫酸盐 (SDS) 的微滴体的实验表面张力测量得到了验证.
主要成果:
- 该模型准确地预测了含有NaCl和SDS的液滴 (∼5-20μm) 尺寸依赖的表面张力.
- 对非离子表面活性剂的实验数据的验证显示出良好的一致性.
- 预测的科勒曲线表明,假设恒定表面张力可以导致CCN活动的低估或高估.
结论:
- 准确预测气溶与云的相互作用需要考虑尺寸依赖的表面张力.
- 开发的模型提供了更准确的表现在大气气溶的表面张力效应.
- 这种更好的理解对于完善气候模型和预测气溶对天气和气候的影响至关重要.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
01:22Surface Tension of Fluid
206
Surface tension is a fundamental property of fluids, occurring at the boundary between a liquid and a gas or between two immiscible liquids. This phenomenon arises from the cohesive forces between molecules at the fluid's surface, creating an effect similar to a stretched elastic membrane. Inside each fluid, molecules are equally attracted in all directions by neighboring molecules, but surface molecules experience a net inward force, resulting in surface tension.
Surface tension varies...
Surface tension varies...
206
01:16Surface Tension and Surface Energy
1.3K
When a paint brush is immersed in water, the bristles wave freely inside the water. When it is taken out, the bristles stick together. The reason behind this effect is surface tension.
Consider a beaker filled with liquid. The bulk molecules in the liquid experience equal attractive forces on all sides with the surrounding molecules. However, the surface molecules experience a net attractive force downward due to the bulk molecules. The surface of the liquid behaves like a stretched membrane,...
Consider a beaker filled with liquid. The bulk molecules in the liquid experience equal attractive forces on all sides with the surrounding molecules. However, the surface molecules experience a net attractive force downward due to the bulk molecules. The surface of the liquid behaves like a stretched membrane,...
1.3K
02:57Surface Tension, Capillary Action, and Viscosity
27.4K
Surface Tension
The various IMFs between identical molecules of a substance are examples of cohesive forces. The molecules within a liquid are surrounded by other molecules and are attracted equally in all directions by the cohesive forces within the liquid. However, the molecules on the surface of a liquid are attracted only by about one-half as many molecules. Because of the unbalanced molecular attractions on the surface molecules, liquids contract to form a shape that minimizes the number...
The various IMFs between identical molecules of a substance are examples of cohesive forces. The molecules within a liquid are surrounded by other molecules and are attracted equally in all directions by the cohesive forces within the liquid. However, the molecules on the surface of a liquid are attracted only by about one-half as many molecules. Because of the unbalanced molecular attractions on the surface molecules, liquids contract to form a shape that minimizes the number...
27.4K
01:13Excess Pressure Inside a Drop and a Bubble
1.6K
The shape of a small drop of liquid can be considered spherical, neglecting the effect of gravity. This drop can further be considered as two equal hemispherical drops put together due to surface tension. The forces acting on the spherical drop are due to the pressure of the liquid inside the drop, the pressure due to air outside the drop, and the force due to the surface tension acting on the two hemispherical drops.
1.6K
01:16Precipitate Formation and Particle Size Control
661
In precipitation gravimetry, the precipitating agent should react specifically or selectively with the analyte. While a specific reagent reacts with the analyte alone, a selective reagent can react with a limited number of chemical species.
The obtained precipitate should be either a pure substance of known composition or easily converted to one by a simple process, such as ignition or drying. In addition, the precipitate should be insoluble and easily filterable. In general, filterability...
The obtained precipitate should be either a pure substance of known composition or easily converted to one by a simple process, such as ignition or drying. In addition, the precipitate should be insoluble and easily filterable. In general, filterability...
661