执行功能的表现能预测发展性语言障碍学龄前儿童的治疗反应吗?
1Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson.
American journal of speech-language pathology
|May 9, 2025
概括
执行功能技能,特别是注意力转移,预测发展性语言障碍 (DLD) 的学龄前儿童的治疗成功. 在注意力转移任务中得分更高的DLD儿童在对话重制疗法中表现更好.
科学领域:
- 儿童语言发展 儿童语言发展
- 发育性语言障碍 (DLD) 是一种语言障碍.
- 执行职能 执行职能 执行职能
背景情况:
- 发育性语言障碍 (DLD) 影响学龄前儿童的语言学习.
- 执行职能是影响学习和行为的关键认知技能.
- 谈话重制治疗是DLD的常见干预措施.
研究的目的:
- 调查执行功能得分是否能预测DLD学龄前儿童的治疗反应.
- 确定特定执行职能在语言干预结果中的作用.
主要方法:
- 包括49名患有DLD的学龄前儿童接受了增强对话重制治疗.
- 在干预前和干预后使用形态生成精度评估治疗反应.
- 使用逐步回归来分析语言得分和执行功能任务 (注意力,工作记忆,抑制,注意力转移) 的预测.
主要成果:
- 用维度变化卡排序 (DCCS) 测量的注意力转移能力是治疗反应的唯一显著预测因素.
- 较高的DCCS得分积极预测了更好的治疗结果.
- 注意力转移占治疗效果变异的20%.
结论:
- 执行功能,特别是注意力转移,是DLD儿童语言治疗成功的关键因素.
- 在选择语言干预措施时,临床医生应考虑儿童的执行功能概况.
- 这些发现强调了语言治疗疗效背后的复杂认知技能.
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