心理社会问题与德国初级保健实践中医生沟通满意度之间的关系:基于横截面GPCare-1患者研究的结构方程模型
Juliane Sachschal1, Thomas Welchowski2,3, Luisa Offenberg1
1Institute for General Practice and Family Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
BMJ open
|May 9, 2025
概括
患者的心理社会问题很常见,但对全科医生 (GP) 沟通的满意度取决于社会支持和自我管理偏好,而不是问题的数量. 一般医生应该解决这些因素,以改善患者的沟通.
科学领域:
- 初级保健研究研究初级保健研究
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 患者与医生的沟通 患者与医生的沟通
背景情况:
- 很大一部分初级保健患者经历了心理社会问题.
- 了解影响患者对全科医生 (GP) 沟通满意度的因素对于有效的医疗保健服务至关重要.
- COVID-19 流行病背景可能影响了患者报告的体验.
研究的目的:
- 调查患者心理社会问题和其他特征与他们对整体护理和GP沟通的满意度之间的关系.
- 确定特定的患者因素,预测医生与患者在初级保健环境中的沟通满意度.
主要方法:
- 在2020年夏天,在德国12家GP实践中对813名患者进行了横截面调查.
- 匿名问卷收集了关于社会人口统计学,医疗特征和对医生沟通的满意度的数据.
- 使用结构方程建模来分析患者特征 (包括心理社会问题) 与GP沟通满意度之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 心理社会问题的患病率为30%,其中过度的工作压力,财务问题和孤独是最常见的.
- 虽然大多数患者觉得他们的全科医生认真对待他们的问题,但通过更高的社会支持,对自我管理的偏好,年龄较大和更好的健康状况来预测沟通的满意度.
- 心理社会问题的数量,性别,患者与GP关系的持续时间,慢性压力和抑郁症并没有显著影响沟通满意度.
结论:
- 一般医生必须认识到,心理社会问题在他们的患者中很普遍.
- 积极关注患者的社会支持系统和他们对自我管理的偏好,可以提高对GP沟通的满意度.
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