每小时分析极端温度对紧急救护车呼叫的影响
Hao Zheng1,2,3, Jian Cheng4, Mingzhi Zhang1,2
1State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Journal of global health
|May 9, 2025
概括
极端的寒冷和高温在几个小时内显著增加了救护车呼叫量. 这凸显了改善救护车服务效率和在极端温度期间提前预警系统的需要.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 极端天气事件,包括极端温度,对公众健康构成重大挑战.
- 救护车服务经历了波动的需求,受到各种环境因素的影响.
- 了解温度极端和紧急呼叫之间的关系对于资源分配至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 量化极端寒冷和高温对紧急救护车呼叫 (EAC) 的每小时影响.
- 确定影响温度极端和EAC之间的关联的潜在改变因素.
- 进行对极端温度和EAC风险的元分析,并纳入中国大城市研究.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自中国南京 (2018-2021) 的EAC,天气和空气污染物的每小时数据.
- 采用分布式滞后非线性模型来评估极端温度对EAC的影响.
- 进行了随机效应的元分析,将发现与现有文献结合起来.
主要成果:
- 每小时暴露于极端寒冷 (7-22小时的延迟) 和热 (0-10小时的延迟) 会增加EAC风险 (分别为RR 1.175和1.096).
- 在晚上 (16:00-24:00) 观察到极端高温和EAC之间的更强的关联.
- 五项研究的元分析证实了温度极端和EAC风险之间的重要关联.
结论:
- 过渡性暴露于极端温度会增加对救护车服务的需求.
- 调查结果表明,这对提高救护车服务效率有意义.
- 建议包括在极端天气条件下开发救护车预警系统.
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