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相关概念视频

Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:28

Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

Introduction:For diagnosing acute pyelonephritis, a comprehensive patient history is collected to identify symptoms such as dysuria, frequent or urgent urination, flank pain, or costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness that may suggest a kidney infection.Physical ExaminationDuring the physical examination, CVA tenderness is assessed. This involves gentle percussion over the costovertebral angle, where tenderness often indicates a kidney infection.Diagnostic TestsUrinalysis: Used to identify white...
Nephrotic Syndrome II : Assessment and Medical Management01:26

Nephrotic Syndrome II : Assessment and Medical Management

IntroductionNephrotic syndrome is a kidney disorder marked by excessive protein loss in the urine, leading to various systemic complications. This condition often results from damage to the glomeruli—the kidney's filtering units—causing proteinuria, low blood protein levels, and fluid retention. Understanding the assessment, diagnosis, and management of nephrotic syndrome is essential for effective treatment and prevention of further kidney damage.AssessmentPatient History: Document any history...
Imaging Studies I: Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder Studies01:28

Imaging Studies I: Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder Studies

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder (KUB) StudiesKidney, Ureter, and Bladder (KUB) studies are standard diagnostic imaging procedures used to assess the anatomy of the urinary system. They are commonly utilized for patients experiencing abdominal pain or urinary symptoms. By using a simple X-ray of the abdomen, KUB studies can reveal structural and pathological abnormalities within the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. These studies are particularly valuable in diagnosing kidney stones, urinary...

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非传染性脑膜炎:来自阿根廷的多中心研究.

Belén María Virasoro1, Alex Kostianovsky1,2, Florencia Milesi3

  • 1Consultorio de Enfermedades Autoinmunes (CEA)., Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.

International ophthalmology
|May 9, 2025
PubMed
概括

沃格特-科亚纳吉-哈拉达病 (VKH) 和异常性脑膜炎是阿根廷非传染性脑膜炎 (NIU) 的主要原因. 这些发现与美国和欧洲的结果不同,突出显示了脑膜炎病因的区域差异.

关键词:
阿根廷阿根廷阿根廷阿根廷阿根廷.拉丁美洲 拉丁美洲 拉丁美洲非传染性脑膜炎是一种非传染性脑膜炎.类风湿性疾病是一种类风湿性疾病.系统性疾病是一种全身性疾病.

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科学领域:

  • 眼科医生 眼科 眼科
  • 类风湿病学 类风湿病学
  • 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学

背景情况:

  • 非传染性脑膜炎 (NIU) 是视力障碍的一个重要原因.
  • 了解区域病因对于有效管理至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 描述阿根廷患者NIU的原因和临床特征.
  • 为了在不同的解剖细分上比较脑膜炎病因.
  • 为了确定公共和私人医疗机构之间的NIU的差异.

主要方法:

  • 从2008年1月到2021年3月进行了一项多中心,横截面的研究.
  • 包括来自公共和私人机构的468名NIU患者.
  • 诊断得到了紫膜炎专家和风湿病学家的证实,使用国际紫膜炎研究小组系统进行分类.

主要成果:

  • 最常见的NIU原因是异常性脑膜炎和Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada疾病 (VKH).
  • 之前的脑膜炎的原因包括异形性,脊柱性关节炎,青少年异形性关节炎和沙尔科毒症.
  • 膜炎主要是由VKH和贝赫特病引起的.
  • 57%的患者需要免疫抑制剂,其中最常见的是甲基和阿扎西奥普林.
  • 11%的人需要生物药物,主要是阿达利穆马布.
  • 54.7%的人经历了眼部并发症,最常见的是白内障.

结论:

  • 异形性脑膜炎和VKH是阿根廷NIU的主要原因.
  • 这些病因模式与美国和欧洲报告的病因模式不同.
  • 在公共和私人机构之间,没有发现膜炎的原因或并发症的显著差异.