美国非法阿片类药物使用的估计
David Powell1, Mireille Jacobson2
1RAND, Arlington, Virginia.
JAMA health forum
|May 9, 2025
概括
非法制造的芬太尼 (IMF) 使用比以前认为的更为普遍,过量服用的风险更高. 这项研究强调,迫切需要更好的数据来应对阿片类药物危机.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 药物使用研究研究 药物使用研究
背景情况:
- 非法阿片类药物,特别是非法制造的芬太尼 (IMF),在美国对过量死亡造成了重大影响.
- 了解非法阿片类药物消费的范围和模式对于有效的危机干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 确定过去12个月内非法阿片类药物使用的流行情况,包括IMF.
- 评估在使用非法阿片类药物的人群中最初的阿片类药物暴露来源.
- 检查非法阿片类药物使用者中被认为过量服用的可能性.
主要方法:
- 对1515名美国成年人 (18岁以上) 进行了一项横截面在线调查.
- 数据收集时间为2024年6月10日至17日,分析时间为2024年6月30日至2025年2月13日.
- 后勤回归分析了非法阿片类药物使用与人口/地理因素之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 10.96%的人报告使用非处方阿片类药物,7.52%的人报告过去一年使用IMF.
- 最初的阿片类药物暴露最常见的是处方或非处方阿片类药物,而不是非法药物.
- 与所有受访者 (4,69%) 相比,国际货币基金组织用户 (33.33%) 的过量服用感觉的可能性显著更高.
- 非法阿片类药物使用在男性,黑人和年轻人群中更为普遍.
结论:
- 这项研究揭示了非法阿片类药物使用的患病率高于以前记录的.
- 调查结果强调,需要更准确和更准确的数据来指导政策和干预措施.
- 加强数据收集对于缓解正在进行的阿片类药物危机至关重要.
更多相关视频
10:17High-throughput and Comprehensive Drug Surveillance Using Multisegment Injection-Capillary Electrophoresis-Mass Spectrometry
Published on: April 23, 2019
9.5K
16:02Demonstration of the Sequence Alignment to Predict Across Species Susceptibility Tool for Rapid Assessment of Protein Conservation
Published on: February 10, 2023
2.6K
相关概念视频
Opioid Analgesics: Synthetic and Semisynthetic Opioids
173
Synthetic and semisynthetic opioids are pivotal in pain management and tackling opioid addiction. Semisynthetic opioids, including morphinans (morphine derivatives), oxycodone, oxymorphone, hydrocodone, and hydromorphone, have improved pharmacokinetic profiles compared to morphine. Additionally, heroin and 6-MAM (6-Monoacetylmorphine) show better CNS penetration than morphine due to heightened lipid solubility. Hydromorphone, a potent opioid, undergoes hepatic metabolism to form the active...
173
Opioid Analgesics: Morphine and Other Natural Cogeners
139
Opioids are a class of drugs that mimic endogenous opioid peptides and act on opioid receptors, and help in pain relief. These compounds are classified as natural, synthetic, or semi-synthetic. Natural opioids, like morphine, codeine, and thebaine, are derived from the opium poppy plant (Papaver somniferum or Papaver album) and are termed opiates. Synthetic opioids are artificial, while semi-synthetic opioids combine natural and synthetic compounds. Morphine, a prototypical opioid, possesses a...
139
Analgesia and Pain Management
399
Pain is critical to various clinical pathologies, provoking an urgent need for effective management. Pain, whether acute or chronic, is a complex neurochemical process. Its alleviation depends on the type, with nonopioid analgesics effective for mild to moderate pain, such as musculoskeletal or inflammatory pain, while neuropathic pain responds best to anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, or serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. For severe acute or chronic pain, opioids may be...
399
Prescription, Nonprescription and Orphan Drugs
658
Prescription drugs require a prescription from a medical practitioner and can only be obtained from a pharmacy. They have many applications, including treating pain, anxiety, and hypertension.
The misuse and addiction to prescription drugs is a growing problem that can affect people of all age groups, specifically teenagers. This can happen when prescription medications are used in ways not intended by the prescriber, such as taking someone else's prescription or using medication for...
The misuse and addiction to prescription drugs is a growing problem that can affect people of all age groups, specifically teenagers. This can happen when prescription medications are used in ways not intended by the prescriber, such as taking someone else's prescription or using medication for...
658
Opioid Receptors: Overview
332
Opioid receptors, including the mu (μ, MOR), delta (δ, DOR), and kappa (κ, KOR) types, belong to the rhodopsin family of G protein-coupled receptors. These receptors are located throughout the central and peripheral nervous systems and in non-neuronal tissues such as macrophages and astrocytes. Opioid receptor ligands can be categorized into agonists or antagonists. Highly selective agonists include [d-Ala2, MePhe4, Gly(ol)5]-enkephalin or DAMGO for MOR, [D-Pen2,...
332
Drug Abuse and Addiction: Pharmacological Phenomena
410
Drug dependence, abuse, and addiction are complex phenomena that can precipitate various abnormal states. Physical dependence refers to a state of pharmacological adaptation to a drug. This adaptation often results in tolerance—a reduced response to the drug after repeated administrations. When the drug use is abruptly stopped, withdrawal symptoms occur due to the body's need to readjust from the pharmacologically induced imbalance. However, tolerance and withdrawal symptoms do not...
410
