直接证据处理Isatis tinctoria L.,一个非营养植物,32-34,000年前
Laura Longo1, Mauro Veronese2,3, Clarissa Cagnato1,4
1Department of Environmental Science, Informatics and Statistics (DAIS), Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Mestre, Venice, Italy.
PloS one
|May 9, 2025
概括
考古证据揭示了34000年前Isatis tinctoria L. () 叶子的故意加工. 这一上古石器时期的发现凸显了植物在食品之外的复杂用途,可能是用于染料或药物.
科学领域:
- 考古学的考古学
- 古植物学是古植物学.
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
背景情况:
- 在古石器时代的遗址中,植物遗迹很少保存,这导致人们对它们的使用不完全了解.
- 当前的考古学范式往往忽视了植物在早期人类饮食和实践中的重要性.
- 在上古石器时代,植物对生存和技术发展至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 提供关于古石器时代植物被刻意加工的有力的证据.
- 为了研究人类在34,00032,000年前使用Isatis tinctoria L.叶子.
- 提供一个新的视角上古石器人类的行为和技术知识.
主要方法:
- 卵石表面的形态分析.
- 光谱分析,包括微拉曼 (μ-Raman) 和微里叶变换红外 (μ-FTIR) 光谱.
- 严格的污染控制和植物碎片的生物分子分析.
主要成果:
- 物理和生物分子证据表明,Isatis tinctoria L. 叶子被打碎和磨碎.
- 在未经修改的卵石上发现了叶子表皮碎片,以及相关的使用痕迹.
- 鉴定原蛋白前体,表明其作为蓝色染料 () 或用于医疗目的的潜在用途.
结论:
- 这项研究提供了强有力的证据,证明在上古石器时代有意使用非食用植物.
- 伊萨蒂斯 (Isatis tinctoria L.) 的加工表明早期人类有先进的技术和生态知识.
- 确切的应用 (染料,药物或两者) 仍未确定,为研究植物利用开辟了新的途径.
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