传染病的接触追踪策略:一个系统的文献审查
Danielle Guy1, Petya Kodjamanova2, Lena Woldmann1
1Amaris, Health Economics and Market Access, Barcelona, Spain.
PLOS global public health
|May 9, 2025
概括
接触者追踪对于控制传染病至关重要. 本次审查强调需要强有力的治理,资源和社区信任,以提高其在各种公共卫生挑战中的有效性.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 卫生系统研究 卫生系统研究
背景情况:
- 接触者追踪是中断传染病传播的关键策略.
- 现有的资源专注于疫情管理,但缺乏有关追踪接触者的指导.
- 要优化接触者追踪策略,需要采用全面的,无病的方法.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查接触者追踪策略,其有效性和卫生系统治理.
- 为制定疾病不可知性接触追踪指南提供信息.
- 确定影响接触者追踪干预成功的因素.
主要方法:
- 遵循PRISMA指南的系统审查,注册在PROSPERO.
- 包括联合国六种语言的描述性和干预性研究 (不包括建模和动物研究).
- 在Embase,Medline和Cochrane图书馆到2023年9月进行的搜索;使用标准工具进行偏差评估.
主要成果:
- 包括378项研究,主要来自欧洲和北美,重点关注COVID-19和结核病.
- 接触追踪的定义各不相同,通常基于近距离,持续时间,性接触或家庭暴露.
- 有效性差异很大;很少有研究评估流行病学影响,而像耻辱和信任这样的社会文化因素是显著的.
结论:
- 优化联系人追踪需要强大的卫生系统治理,充足的资源和社区参与.
- 需要标准化指标进行比较分析,并评估对疾病发病率和死亡率的影响.
- 未来的研究应该解决这些差距,以加强全球公共卫生准备.
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