热量和缺氧训练对竞争运动员脂肪氧化能力的影响
Zhizhong Geng1, Xiaameng Wu2, Jinhao Wang3
1School of Health Sciences, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.
European journal of sport science
|May 9, 2025
概括
四周的热量和缺氧训练显著改善了运动员的有氧新陈代谢和脂肪氧化. 热训练对有氧代谢和脂肪氧化比缺氧训练更有好处.
科学领域:
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 环境生理学环境生理学
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
背景情况:
- 优化运动表现需要了解环境训练的影响.
- 热量和缺氧是不同的环境压力因素,影响生理反应.
- 精英运动员从有针对性的训练策略中受益,以提高代谢效率.
研究的目的:
- 评估四周热量和缺氧训练计划对精英运动员脂肪氧化能力的影响.
- 为了比较热与缺氧训练对有氧代谢和脂肪利用的影响.
- 为了确定热训练是否为代谢适应提供了优于低氧训练的优势.
主要方法:
- 八名精英男性现代五项运动员接受了为期四周的有氧耐力训练.
- 训练是在三个条件下进行的:正常 (CON),高温/湿度 (HOT) 和缺氧 (HYP).
- 评估包括气体交换,脂肪氧化间接热量计和脂肪氧化动力学 (MFO,FATmax) 的建模.
主要成果:
- 无论是HOT还是HYP训练都增加了最大脂肪氧化 (MFO),并扩大了脂肪氧化曲线.
- 在正常情况下,热训练导致绝对VO2和FATmax的增加.
- 热和HYP训练增加了达到第二通风门 (VT2@Time) 的时间.
结论:
- 四周的热量和缺氧训练计划显著提高了运动员的有氧代谢和脂肪氧化能力.
- 与缺氧训练相比,热训练可能会为有氧代谢和脂肪氧化提供更好的益处.
- 环境训练干预可以成为改善精英运动员代谢表现的有效策略.
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