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地中海饮食调节高风险心血管患者胆固醇效流受体的基因表达
Javier Hernando-Redondo1,2,3, Álvaro Hernáez4,5,6, Albert Sanllorente1,7,8
1Consorcio CIBER, Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
Molecular nutrition & food research
|May 9, 2025
概括
地中海饮食,富含橄油或坚果,轻微调节胆固醇排泄基因如RXRA,支持高风险成年人的心血管健康. 低热量地中海饮食没有显著的基因表达变化.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 心血管研究研究心血管研究
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 心血管疾病 (CVD) 的风险在老年人群中很高.
- 饮食干预措施,特别是地中海饮食 (MedDiet),显示出对心血管疾病预防的希望.
- 与胆固醇流失相关的基因表达可能会调解饮食对心血管健康的影响.
研究的目的:
- 研究地中海饮食干预措施对高风险老年人胆固醇外流受体基因表达的影响.
- 为了比较不同的MedDiet配方 (MedDiet-EVOO,MedDiet-Nuts,Er-MedDiet) 和对照饮食之间的基因表达变化.
主要方法:
- 来自两个随机对照试验 (PREDIMED和PREDIMED-Plus) 的血细胞的转录组分析.
- 分析包括151名 (PREDIMED) 和89名 (PREDIMED-Plus) 高心血管风险的老年人.
- 基因表达在基线和12个月干预后使用主要成分分析 (PCA) 和线性差异分析 (LDA) 进行评估.
主要成果:
- 采用MedDiet-EVOO,MedDiet-Nuts和Er-MedDiet的干预措施显示了与胆固醇流量相关的基因的轻度,显著的上调,包括ATP结合盒子亚家族A成员1 (ABCA1),视网体X受体α (RXRA),视网体X受体β (RXRB) 和核受体亚家族1组H成员3 (NR1H3).
- 与对照组相比,MedDiet-EVOO和MedDiet-Nuts组的RXRA表达显著更高.
- 在PREDIMED-Plus试验中,饮食组之间没有观察到显著的基因表达差异. PCA和LDA表明跨干预措施的重叠基因表达特征.
结论:
- 长期坚持正常热量 (MedDiet-EVOO,MedDiet-Nuts) 和低热量 (Er-MedDiet) 地中海饮食与高风险老年人心血管健康益处有关.
- 这些好处可能部分由关键胆固醇流出基因的轻微上调调节,包括RXRA,RXRB,ABCA1,ABCG1,NR1H2和PPARD.
- 这些发现表明,地中海饮食的心脏保护作用背后有一个分子机制.
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