在自然主义故事听过程中对论证结构的语义处理:来自fMRI计算建模的证据
Tianze Xu1, Jixing Li2, Xiaoming Jiang3
1Institute of Language Sciences, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, China.
NeuroImage
|May 9, 2025
概括
在自然倾听过程中解释论证结构时,人类语言处理更多地依赖于语义意义而不是语法. 这项神经计算研究揭示了大脑如何使用含义来理解句子结构.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 计算语言学 计算语言学
- 心理语言学 心理语言学
背景情况:
- 在语言学中关于论证结构处理的持续辩论:分离主义 (以语法为重点) 与投影主义 (以语义为重点).
- 以前的研究经常使用受控刺激,限制自然语言理解的洞察力.
- 需要将大脑数据与计算模型集成的方法来解决理论辩论.
研究的目的:
- 调查语法结构还是语义属性主要影响参数结构处理.
- 在自然语言理解过程中将大脑活动与计算语言模型联系起来.
- 为语言处理的理论模型提供经验证据.
主要方法:
- 对听故事的参与者的自然功能磁共振成像 (fMRI) 数据的分析.
- 将通用线性模型 (GLM) 分析与计算自然语言处理 (NLP) 模型的整合.
- 代表性相似性分析 (RSA) 用于将大脑活动与语法 (解析树) 和语义 (选择偏好) 模型进行比较.
主要成果:
- 在GLM的研究中,我们发现了在前回旋和回旋等区域处理参数结构的神经相关性.
- 根据RSA的结果,基于语义信息的计算模型明显优于语法模型.
- 这些发现得到了大脑区域与参数结构和不同过渡度水平相关的分析的支持.
结论:
- 在自然主义的故事倾听过程中,语义信息在解释论证结构中起着主导作用.
- 神经计算建模提供了一种强大的方法来弥合理论语言学和神经科学.
- 这项研究支持在现实世界语言理解中对论证结构处理的语义中心观点.
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