实体器官移植接受者癌症死亡率的性别差异
Sarah S Jackson1, Ruth M Pfeiffer1, Erin Gardner2
1Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA.
International journal of cancer
|May 10, 2025
概括
男性面临的癌症死亡率高于女性,可能是由于免疫系统较弱. 这项研究调查了移植患者的免疫抑制是否会改变这种生存差异,发现非免疫因素可能有助于女性的癌症生存优势.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 移植 移植 移植 移植
背景情况:
- 与女性相比,男性的癌症死亡率更高,这可能与免疫监测降低有关.
- 了解影响癌症结果性别差异的因素对于个性化治疗策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 确定癌症女性观察到的生存优势是否在免疫抑制的固体器官移植接受者中减弱.
- 研究免疫状况在癌症死亡率的性别差异中的作用.
主要方法:
- 在一个由17048名实体器官移植接受者和1,221,914名普通人群癌症患者组成的队列中,对男性和女性之间的癌症死亡率进行了比较分析.
- 利用考克斯的比例危险模型来计算男性:女性危险比率 (M:F HR),调整年龄,种族/种族,诊断年份,阶段和癌症治疗.
- 评估了13种常见的两性固体癌症.
主要成果:
- 在一般人群中,男性在唇部,胃部,结肠直肠,门,肝脏,肺部,皮肤,大脑和甲状腺癌的癌症特异性死亡率较高 (M:F HRs 1.06-1.59).
- 与一般人群相比,结肠直肠癌在移植接受者 (M:F HR 0.89) 中的女性死亡率优势减弱 (M:F HR 1.07;P-相互作用=0.007).
- 女性死亡率优势在癌移植接受者中较强 (M:F HR 1.33) 与普通人群相比 (M:F HR 1.02;P-相互作用=0.003).
结论:
- 该研究没有发现一致的证据表明,移植受体的免疫抑制会否定癌症死亡率的女性优势.
- 这些发现表明,非免疫因素对癌症患者观察到的女性生存优势有显著的贡献.
- 对非免疫机制的进一步研究是有必要的,以充分阐明癌症结局中的基于性别的差异.
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