接种疫苗和未接种疫苗的患者的COVID-19住院治疗:临床概况和结果
Laura Holtman-Ferreira1, Elessandra de Souza Bitencourt2, Betina Mendez de Alcantara Gabardo3
1Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia, Parasitologia e Patologia, Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Complexo Hospital das Clínicas, Centro de Pesquisa da Unidade de Doenças Infecciosas, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
概括
巴西的COVID-19疫苗接种表明,尽管免疫力下降和新型变异,但接种疫苗的患者的结果有所改善. 完整的疫苗接种计划与更好的生存机会有关,强调了需要补充剂的必要性.
科学领域:
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 由SARS-CoV-2引起的COVID-19大流行导致全球卫生和经济混乱.
- 巴西的疫苗接种活动最初减少了发病率,但面临着免疫力下降和新兴变种带来的挑战.
- 经常出现的COVID-19波浪需要在现实环境中持续评估疫苗的有效性.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较在巴西接种疫苗后的疫苗接种和未接种群体之间的住院COVID-19患者的临床结果.
- 调查疫苗接种状态对住院时间,呼吸辅助和死亡率的影响.
- 在研究期间分析与SARS-CoV-2变种相关的流行病学和遗传学数据.
主要方法:
- 对218名住院COVID-19患者的回顾性分析,具有可用的疫苗接种数据.
- 在接种疫苗和未接种疫苗的队列之间比较临床结果 (住院,ICU,呼吸器支持,死亡率).
- 阳性样本的核酸测序,以识别主要的SARS-CoV-2变种 (Gamma变种占主导).
主要成果:
- 接种疫苗的患者年龄较大;Gamma变种普遍存在.
- 趋势表明未接种疫苗的患者需要更多的呼吸辅助,并且住院/ICU的时间更长,尽管在统计学上并不显著.
- 接种疫苗的死亡率为45%,未接种疫苗的死亡率为37%,完全接种疫苗显示出更好的生存率 (p=0.11).
- 高龄,血管压缩剂使用和机械通风与较高的死亡率有显著联系.
结论:
- 研究结果为巴西疫苗实施期间的COVID-19提供了临床和流行病学见解.
- 完整的疫苗接种计划可以改善生存结果,这强调了坚持疫苗接种的重要性.
- 进一步评估疫苗对正在演变的SARS-CoV-2变种的有效性至关重要.
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