深度学习用于早期检测糖尿病患者慢性病阶段:一个TabNet方法
Md Nakib Hayat Chowdhury1, Mamun Bin Ibne Reaz2, Sawal Hamid Md Ali3
1Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Bangladesh Army University of Science and Technology (BAUST), Saidpur 5310, Nilphamari, Bangladesh.
Artificial intelligence in medicine
|May 10, 2025
概括
这项研究开发了一种深度学习模型,用于预测糖尿病患者慢性病 (CKD) 阶段,改善早期检测和患者的治疗结果. 该模型准确地确定了关键预测因素,增强了用于CKD管理的临床决策.
科学领域:
- 腎臟病學 (nephrology) 是一種醫學專業.
- 糖尿病学 糖尿病学
- 人工智能在医学中的应用
背景情况:
- 慢性病 (CKD) 是糖尿病患者的主要并发症,往往进展无症状.
- 早期发现CKD至关重要,但由于缺乏常规查和专家接入,因此受到阻碍.
- 准确的分期对于及时干预和改善患者预后至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为糖尿病患者开发多类CKD阶段预测模型.
- 使用纵向数据识别CKD分期的关键预测因素.
- 通过可解释的AI增强CKD预测模型的临床适用性.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自慢性功能不足队列 (CRIC) 研究的纵向数据.
- 用一个代的向后特征选择策略来进行预测器识别.
- 使用TabNet (深度学习) 开发分类模型,并与传统方法 (XGBoost,随机森林,AdaBoost) 进行比较.
- 应用可解释的人工智能 (XAI) 技术用于模型解释.
主要成果:
- TabNet模型实现了高精度:94.06% (完整) 和92.71% (简化) 的交叉验证;91.00%和88.00%的测试套件.
- 发现的关键预测因素包括血清肌素,囊素C,性别和年龄.
- 采用常规检查数据的简化模型显示出强大的预测性能.
结论:
- 拟议的TabNet模型提供了一种可靠的方法,用于在糖尿病患者中早期检测CKD严重程度.
- 可解释的人工智能提高了预测模型的透明度和临床实用性.
- 这种方法有可能改善与糖尿病相关的CKD的临床决策和患者结果.
相关概念视频
Nephrons
1.6K
The kidneys are intricate organs with millions of working units known as nephrons. Each nephron features two major structures: the renal corpuscle, which facilitates blood plasma filtration, and the renal tubule, which handles the glomerular filtrate. Blood supply is directly linked to the nephrons. The renal corpuscle consists of the glomerulus, a capillary network, and the Bowman's capsule, a double-walled epithelial structure that encases the glomerulus. The filtering of blood plasma...
1.6K
Internal Anatomy of the Kidney
1.1K
The kidneys are essential organs in the human body, performing a myriad of tasks that maintain homeostasis and overall health.
Anatomical Position and Dimensions
The kidneys are retroperitoneal organs positioned against the posterior abdominal wall on either side of the spine, roughly between the twelfth thoracic and third lumbar vertebrae. Each kidney is typically 10-12 cm long, 5-6 cm wide, and 3-4 cm thick, weighing about 150 grams.
Renal Cortex
The outermost region of the kidney is the...
Anatomical Position and Dimensions
The kidneys are retroperitoneal organs positioned against the posterior abdominal wall on either side of the spine, roughly between the twelfth thoracic and third lumbar vertebrae. Each kidney is typically 10-12 cm long, 5-6 cm wide, and 3-4 cm thick, weighing about 150 grams.
Renal Cortex
The outermost region of the kidney is the...
1.1K
Dialysis
231
Renal failure occurs when the kidneys lose their ability to filter waste products from the blood effectively. It can be classified into two types: acute renal failure (ARF) and chronic renal failure (CRF).
Acute kidney injury develops suddenly and can be caused by pre-renal causes (e.g., hypovolemia, shock), intrinsic renal causes (e.g., acute tubular necrosis), or post-renal causes (e.g., urinary obstruction). In contrast, chronic renal failure progresses gradually over time and is often...
Acute kidney injury develops suddenly and can be caused by pre-renal causes (e.g., hypovolemia, shock), intrinsic renal causes (e.g., acute tubular necrosis), or post-renal causes (e.g., urinary obstruction). In contrast, chronic renal failure progresses gradually over time and is often...
231


