年轻人发病的2型糖尿病的差异
Ashley M Butler1, Angelica Eddington2
1Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.
概括
来自边缘化背景的年轻人面临着2型糖尿病 (T2D) 的不平等. 解决健康的社会决定因素 (SDOH),包括社会经济地位和结构性种族主义,对于减轻青少年T2D差异至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
- 健康 公平 卫生 公平
背景情况:
- 来自社会经济和种族/种族边缘化的背景的年轻人在青年发病的2型糖尿病 (T2D) 中经历了严重的健康不平等.
- 低社会经济地位与不利的结构性和中介性健康社会决定因素 (SDOH) 有关,影响健康结果.
- 结构性种族主义是一个关键的SDOH影响T2D种族和少数民族青年之间的差异.
研究的目的:
- 突出边缘化群体中青少年发病T2D的不平等现象.
- 强调健康社会决定因素 (SDOH) 在T2D差异中的作用.
- 强调需要制定综合战略,以解决SDOH对青少年T2D发病的结构性影响.
主要方法:
- 审查现有研究表明糖尿病结果和SDOH之间的关联.
- 分析结构因素 (例如,住房政策) 和中间因素 (例如,邻里条件) 对T2D的影响.
- 检查家庭粮食不安全,压力和社会支持对糖尿病结果的影响.
主要成果:
- 建立了邻居条件,粮食不安全,压力和社会支持与糖尿病结果之间的关联.
- 确认结构性种族主义对种族/少数民族青年T2D发病率产生重大影响.
- 确定社会经济地位是与影响青少年T2D的不良SDOH相关的关键因素.
结论:
- 目前的实践指南建议在患有T2D的年轻人中对SDOH进行查.
- 需要全面的方法来缓解结构性SDOH对青年发病的T2D不平等的影响.
- 需要进一步的研究和干预措施来解决T2D在脆弱的年轻人群中的根本原因.
相关概念视频
Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype
2.3K
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
2.3K
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational
2.1K
Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
2.1K
Pathophysiology of Diabetes
813
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
813
Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications
483
For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
483
Carbohydrate Metabolism
10.6K
Carbohydrates are polymers composed of molecules containing atoms of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. One gram of carbohydrate can provide four kilo-calories of energy, which makes it the most efficient instant energy source.
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
10.6K
Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects
127
Insulin-replacement therapy usually includes both long-acting insulin (basal) and short-acting insulin (to cater to postprandial needs). In a diverse group of type 1 diabetes patients, the average daily insulin dose is typically 0.5-0.7 units/kg body weight. However, obese patients and pubertal adolescents may need more due to insulin resistance.
The basal dose constitutes about 40%-50% of the total daily dose, with the rest as premeal insulin. The mealtime insulin dose should mirror...
The basal dose constitutes about 40%-50% of the total daily dose, with the rest as premeal insulin. The mealtime insulin dose should mirror...
127


