在12小时内对Mycobacterium结核病变体bovis BCG进行表型药物敏感性测试
Buu Minh Tran1, Jimmy Larsson1, Anastasia Grip1
1Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, SciLifeLab, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Nature communications
|May 10, 2025
概括
针对耐药结核病 (DR-TB) 的快速药物敏感性测试现在可以在12小时内完成. 这一突破显著加快了诊断速度,改善了耐药结核病患者的治疗结果.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 医学诊断 医学诊断 医学诊断
- 生物工程是生物工程.
背景情况:
- 耐药结核病 (DR-TB) 构成了全球健康的重大威胁,每年造成大约20万例死亡.
- 针对DR-TB的常规表型药物敏感性测试 (pDST) 具有至少两周的缓慢周转时间 (TAT),延迟了关键的治疗决策.
研究的目的:
- 开发和验证一种基于快速生长的表型药物敏感性测试 (pDST) 方法,用于真菌细菌.
- 将耐药结核病 (DR-TB) 的诊断转换时间从几周缩短到几个小时.
主要方法:
- 利用微流体芯片平台,使用时差相对照显微镜监测菌根菌的生长.
- 采用基于深度神经网络的细分算法来量化细菌生长率和药物反应.
- 测试了Mycobacterium结核病变种bovisBacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) 和Mycobacterium smegmatis对关键的抗结核药物,包括利法素,异化和勒沃素.
主要成果:
- 在短短12小时内完成了对缓慢生长的真菌细菌的表型药物敏感性测试 (pDST).
- 在这个12小时的时间框架内,在临界药物度下成功识别了敏感和耐药的Mycobacterium bovis BCG菌株.
- 证明快速pDST方法的性能与传统方法相比,鉴于测试菌株和致病性Mycobacterium结核病菌之间的高度遗传相似性.
结论:
- 使用微流体芯片和深度学习的快速,基于生长的pDST方法可以显著缩短DR-TB的诊断TAT.
- 这种加速诊断方法有可能加速耐药结核病患者的治疗开始.
- 开发的方法提供了一个有希望的进步,以打击全球负担的耐药结核病.
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