一个二元主义的经验理论
1Global Priorities Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Philosophical studies
|May 12, 2025
概括
这项研究引入了委托二元论,一种新的意识理论. 它提出精神体验是由物理状态引起的,而不会违反物理定律,为心身问题提供了一种新的方法.
科学领域:
- 思想的哲学 思想的哲学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 形而上学的形而上学.
背景情况:
- 二元论认为,心理经验是从物理状态中产生的,但与它们不相同或不基于它们.
- 现有的二元论理论往往难以满足一个完整的经验理论的严格标准.
- 物理领域的因果关闭对二元论解释提出了重大挑战.
研究的目的:
- 为了建立一个严格的束来构建一个可行的二元主义的经验理论.
- 根据这些限制,对现有的二元论理论进行批判性评估.
- 提出和发展一个新的二元论理论,满足所有提出的约束.
主要方法:
- 制定二元论理论的五个关键约束:作为原因的经验,不违反物理因果关闭,避免过度确定,指定心理物理定律,并在功能重复下保存现象学.
- 分析著名的二元论理论,以评估它们是否遵守这些约束.
- 构建一个新的二元主义框架,称为"委托二元主义",旨在满足所有标准.
主要成果:
- 现有的二元论理论部分满足了所提出的约束,但无法提供全面的解释.
- 委托二元论被呈现为一个理论框架,成功地满足所有五个严格的约束.
- 这一新理论认为,物理状态将因果责任委托给心理经验.
结论:
- 一个强大的二元主义经验理论必须满足特定的因果和名学条件.
- 代表双元论为思想和意识哲学中长期存在的挑战提供了一个有希望的解决方案.
- 该理论提供了关于精神状态如何在不扰乱物理世界的情况下具有因果有效性的新观点.
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