人工智能在解释肺功能测试中的应用
Talha Saad1, Ramesh Pandey2, Surendra Padarya3
1Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Bundelkhand Medical College, Sagar, IND.
Cureus
|May 12, 2025
概括
人工智能 (AI) 算法在解释肺功能测试 (PFTs) 时比肺病学家更准确,特别是在资源有限的环境中. 这种人工智能驱动的方法可以提高呼吸系统疾病的诊断一致性和护理质量.
科学领域:
- 肺部病理学 肺部病理学
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 人工智能的人工智能
背景情况:
- 慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 和喘对全球健康构成重大负担,COPD是全球和印度的主要死亡原因.
- 肺功能测试 (PFTs),主要是资源有限的地区的螺旋计,对于诊断呼吸系统疾病至关重要,但受到主观解释和观察者之间的变化.
- 人工智能 (AI) 为提高PFT解释的准确性和一致性提供了一个潜在的解决方案.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较人工智能算法的诊断准确性与高级肺病学家在解释PFT时使用有限的临床数据和螺旋计.
- 在面对相同的患者数据时,评估肺病学家的解释的一致性和准确性.
主要方法:
- 人工智能算法被开发和评估.
- 由人工智能算法和八名高级肺科医生分析了440名患者的螺旋测量和有限的临床数据.
- 计算了包括精度,灵敏度,特异性,正预测值 (PPV) 和负预测值 (NPV) 在内的关键性能指标.
主要成果:
- 这项研究包括大多数男性患者 (约. 60%) 年龄在21-60岁 (约. 70%). 70%). 在这个问题上.
- 肺病学家的平均准确率为65.82%,与黄金标准相比,Fleiss的kappa为0.46,表明中度的同意.
- 人工智能算法的准确性明显更高,达到86.59%.
结论:
- 肺科医生对有限数据的PFT解释显示了较低的准确性和相当大的变化.
- 人工智能算法在PFT解释中提供了一致和高精度,在本研究中超过了人类的表现.
- 在临床实践中实施人工智能,特别是在资源有限的地区,可以显著提高诊断质量,减少呼吸医学中观察者之间的变化.
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