免疫检查点抑制剂:从朋友变成敌人
1Toxicology Research Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Kazi Nazrul University, Asansol, West Bengal, India.
Toxicology reports
|May 12, 2025
概括
免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI) 通过激活T细胞来治疗癌症,但可以引起与免疫相关的不良反应 (IrAEs). 本综述探讨了ICI如何在癌症患者中引发自身免疫性疾病和炎症.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
背景情况:
- 免疫检查点调节免疫反应,但被癌细胞利用以逃避免疫监测.
- 免疫细胞上的PD-1和CTLA4等受体,以及癌细胞上的PD-L1等配体,抑制了抗癌T细胞的反应.
- 免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI) 是有效的癌症疗法,但可能导致与免疫相关的不良反应 (IrAEs).
研究的目的:
- 审查ICI对癌症患者自身免疫性疾病和炎症结局发展的影响.
- 提供有关ICI介导的IRAE的机制性见解,涉及免疫细胞,细胞因子和自身抗体.
主要方法:
- 关于免疫检查点抑制剂及其不良影响的研究文献综述.
- 对ICI诱导的自身免疫和炎症背后的机制的分析.
- 讨论关于IRAE中免疫细胞,细胞因子和自身抗体的最新发现.
主要成果:
- ICI激活T细胞对抗瘤,但也可能导致过度活化,导致多个器官的IRAE.
- IRAE表现为大肠炎,肝炎,肺炎,皮肤炎和神经系统问题等疾病.
- 自身免疫的发展是由过度活化的T细胞,Treg细胞,促炎细胞因子和自身抗体主导的.
结论:
- 了解ICI介导的IRAE的机制对于治疗癌症患者至关重要.
- 有效的管理策略包括剂量修改,停止治疗和使用皮质类固醇.
- 需要进一步研究免疫因素的复杂相互作用,以减轻ICI诱导的不良事件.
相关概念视频
Tumor Immunotherapy
406
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
406
Cell-mediated Immune Responses
66.1K
Overview
66.1K
Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response
737
Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
737
Metastasis
5.4K
Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells from the original site to distant locations in the body. Cancer cells can spread via blood vessels (hematogenous) as well as lymph vessels in the body.
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition or EMT is a developmental process commonly observed in wound healing, embryogenesis, and cancer metastasis. EMT is induced by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) or receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ligands, which further...
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition or EMT is a developmental process commonly observed in wound healing, embryogenesis, and cancer metastasis. EMT is induced by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) or receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ligands, which further...
5.4K
Forced Transdifferentiation
1.8K
Transdifferentiation, also known as lineage reprogramming, was first discovered by Selman and Kafatos in 1974 in silkmoths. They observed that the moths’ cuticle-producing cells transformed into salt-producing cells. Many such cases of natural transdifferentiation occur in organisms. In humans, pancreatic alpha cells can become beta cells. In newts, the loss of the eye’s lens causes the pigmented epithelial cells to transdifferentiate into the lens cells.
Artificial...
Artificial...
1.8K
Interactions Between Signaling Pathways
6.2K
Signaling cascades usually lack linearity. Multiple pathways interact and regulate one another, allowing cells to integrate and respond to diverse environmental stimuli.
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...
6.2K


