低收入和中等收入国家的自我伤害和自杀的知识,态度和经验
Rebecca McPhillips1, Rosie Allen2, Parvathy Ramesh1
1Social Care and Society, Division of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester. Manchester, UK.
低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs) 的自杀预防工作需要解决耻辱和提高自杀素养. 医疗保健工作人员的培训,包括生活经验,对于有效的干预至关重要.
科学领域:
- 全球心理健康全球心理健康
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
背景情况:
- 超过75%的自杀发生在低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs).
- 对于有效的预防策略来说,了解LMICs中的自我伤害和自杀至关重要.
- 现有的研究往往忽视了LMICs的特定背景.
研究的目的:
- 调查LMIC中利益相关者的知识,态度和关于自伤和自杀的经验.
- 确定这些地区与自杀有关的寻求帮助行为的障碍和促进者.
- 为LMICs提供有针对性的自杀预防干预信息.
主要方法:
- 在多个电子数据库 (例如,MEDLINE,PsycINFO,Embase) 进行了全面的系统文献搜索.
- 搜索涵盖了从创建到2022年3月的文献,并于2024年2月进行更新.
- 在数据分析中采用了修改后的叙事合成方法.
主要成果:
- 154篇文章符合纳入标准;60篇提供了定量数据.
- 对自杀的态度主要是消极的,而且往往是矛盾的.
- 发现了自杀素养不佳和医疗保健工作人员培训不足.
- 寻求帮助的行为与更高的自杀素养和更积极的态度有关.
结论:
- 减少耻辱和提高对自杀和自伤的认识对于防止LMICs的自杀是必不可少的.
- 培训计划应整合具有实践经验的个人的观点.
- 干预措施必须承认年龄,性别,文化,宗教信仰和生活经验的复杂相互作用.
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