证据来源,途径和过程,以支持低收入和中等收入国家的残疾包容性决策:一个范围审查
Ebruphiyo Ruth Useh1, Zara Trafford1, Prince Changole1
1Institute for Life Course Health Research, Department of Global Health, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa.
PLOS global public health
|May 12, 2025
概括
将残疾人纳入全球卫生战略受到政策差距的限制,特别是在低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs). 了解决策者的人.
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 关于残疾人的研究.
- 政策分析 政策分析
背景情况:
- 全球卫生和发展战略经常忽视残疾,特别是在大多数残疾人居住的低收入和中等收入国家.
- 这种监督限制了残疾人获得基本服务和机会.
- 弥合这些政策和规划差距需要了解决策者如何利用证据,以及什么影响他们关于残疾人包容性的选择.
研究的目的:
- 进行关于在政府和非政府决策中使用证据的文献范围审查,以在LMIC中纳入残疾人.
- 确定证据来源,决策流程和影响因素,影响制定与残疾相关的政策和规划.
- 突出障碍和促进者在残疾包容性倡议的证据利用的障碍.
主要方法:
- 系统地搜索同行评审的文学数据库和灰色文学.
- 纳入标准集中在关键利益相关者,包括残疾的决策和LMIC数据上.
- 由四名审稿人使用标准化表格进行双重选和数据提取.
主要成果:
- 审查中包括了16篇论文.
- 证据来源高度变化,包括经验和经验数据.
- 根据证据来源,使用证据的障碍和促进因素有所不同.
- 除了证据之外,决策受到了立法,权力动态,利益相关者关系,当地环境,资金和态度的影响.
结论:
- 在LMICs的残疾政策和规划中利用证据面临着各种障碍和促进因素.
- 干预和宣传可以针对已识别的障碍和促进者,以改善证据的使用.
- 有效的基于证据的残疾人包容性决策需要与各种证据框架和非证据影响的参与.
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