相关概念视频
01:13Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore called induced pluripotent stem...
01:13Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore called induced pluripotent stem...
01:06Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Somatic cells are...
Somatic cells are...
01:29Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming
Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012 for this...
01:22iPS Cell Differentiation
The ability of induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs to differentiate into most body cell types has stimulated repair and regenerative medicine research over the past few decades. iPSC-derived blood cells, hepatocytes, beta islet cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, and other cell types can repair injuries or regenerate damaged tissue in diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders.
01:24Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming
Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for injury repair.
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通过iPSC重编程解码衰老:进步和挑战
Rui-Lin Li1, Yun-Zeng Zou2, Sheng Kang1
1Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China.
Aging and disease
|May 12, 2025
概括
诱导多能干细胞 (iPSC) 技术和CRISPR工具可以逆转衰老的特征,如衰老和线粒体功能障碍. 这些进展为复苏疗法和治疗与年龄相关的疾病提供了潜力.
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10:52Isolation of Adult Human Dermal Fibroblasts from Abdominal Skin and Generation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Using a Non-Integrating Method
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科学领域:
- 干细胞生物学 干细胞生物学
- 衰老研究研究 衰老研究
- 基因编辑 基因编辑
背景情况:
- 衰老的标志是细胞衰老和对与年龄有关的疾病的易感性增加.
- 诱导多能干细胞 (iPSC) 技术为逆转衰老指标提供了一条途径.
- 关键的衰老特征包括端粒磨损,线粒体功能障碍和氧化应激.
研究的目的:
- 探索iPSC技术和CRISPR工具在逆转衰老过程中的潜力.
- 研究减轻与iPSC重编程相关的风险的方法.
- 检查这些技术在疾病建模和治疗开发中的应用.
主要方法:
- 使用重编程因子 (Oct4,Sox2,Klf4,c-Myc) 进行体细胞重编程.
- 通过短暂因子表达采用部分重编程来使细胞复原.
- 应用基于CRISPR的工具进行精确的表观遗传编辑以删除体细胞特征.
主要成果:
- 部分重编程会重置表观遗传时钟,减少与衰老相关的分泌表型 (SASP),并改善线粒体功能.
- 在部分重编程后,在前列腺小鼠模型中观察到寿命延长.
- 开发非整合性传递系统和自杀基因,以应对瘤性风险.
结论:
- iPSC和CRISPR技术代表了延缓衰老和恢复细胞活力的变革性方法.
- 这些技术有望开发用于治疗与年龄有关的疾病的新型复苏疗法.
- 需要进一步的研究来优化重编程效率,确保安全性,并完善表观遗传编辑技术.