老年患者治疗ALL的治疗方法
Elias Jabbour1, Fadi G Haddad1, Hagop Kantarjian1
1Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.
概括
像布利纳图莫马布,CAR T细胞和TKI这样的新型疗法正在改善急性淋巴细胞白血病 (ALL) 的老年人的治疗结果,减少化疗依赖,并解决高风险疾病特征.
科学领域:
- 血液学 血液学 血液学
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 临床治疗学 临床治疗学
背景情况:
- 患有急性淋巴细胞白血病 (ALL) 的老年患者通常存在高风险疾病,包括不良细胞遗传学,费城染色体 (Ph) 阳性/Ph类表型和并发症.
- 这些因素导致化学疗法的耐受性较差,并增加了与治疗相关的骨髓瘤瘤 (t-MNs) 的风险.
研究的目的:
- 审查目前和新兴的治疗策略老年人与ALL,专注于改善结果和减少治疗相关的毒性.
- 为了突显费城染色体阳性 (Ph+) 和费城染色体样 (Ph-like) ALL,T细胞ALL (T-ALL) 的进展.
主要方法:
- 综述最近的临床试验数据和成人ALL治疗的治疗进展.
- 专注于新型药物和组合疗法,包括blinatumomab,inotuzumab,ozogamicin,氨酸激酶抑制剂 (TKI) 和仿真抗原受体 (CAR) T 细胞疗法.
- 对特定ALL亚型和风险组的治疗策略的分析.
主要成果:
- 在Ph阴性ALL中,添加inotuzumab,ozogamicin (InO) 和blinatumomab改善了结果,尽管t-MN仍然存在,引发了人们对无化疗方案和CAR T细胞的兴趣.
- 在Ph阳性ALL中,布利纳图莫马布和较新的TKI显著改善了结果,像布利纳图莫马布和波纳替尼这样的组合可以实现高分子响应率,而不需要干细胞移植.
- 威尼托克拉克斯改善了T细胞ALL的结果,而早期T细胞前体ALL仍然需要干细胞移植.
结论:
- 无化疗方案和CAR T细胞疗法对老年人高风险ALL的治疗有希望.
- 前线布利纳图马布,较新的TKI和CAR-T细胞对于管理Ph+ALL至关重要,可能避免需要干细胞移植.
- 进一步研究新的药物,如皮下布利纳马布,CAR T细胞,先进的TKI和脑膜抑制剂,对于老年ALL患者的前线治疗是有必要的.
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