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老年工人的求职活动和就业过渡
1University of Arkansas School of Social Work, Fayetteville, AR, USA.
Research on aging
|May 12, 2025
概括
寻找工作的老年工人表现出不同的搜索模式. 失业的老年人,尽管使用了更多的方法,但面临着更大的挑战找到工作,这表明需要有针对性的劳动力发展.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 劳动社会学工作的社会学.
- 劳动经济学 劳动经济学
背景情况:
- 年龄较大的工人 (50岁以上) 在劳动力市场中占有重要的人口.
- 了解他们的求职行为对于有效的就业策略至关重要.
- 之前的研究还没有完全阐明这一群体中寻找工作的独特模式.
研究的目的:
- 为了识别美国老年工人中不同的求职模式.
- 检查已识别的求职模式与就业转型之间的关系.
- 为制定年龄友好型劳动力发展计划提供信息.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自健康和退休研究 (2016-2018) 的数据,其中包括2016年积极寻找工作的1501名老年人 (50+).
- 雇佣潜阶级分析 (LCA) 根据九项求职活动对个人进行分类.
- 应用多项逻辑回归来分析影响类成员身份的因素.
主要成果:
- 确定了五种不同的求职模式:没有广告,只有广告,朋友和广告,电话和广告以及机构和广告.
- 就业转型与这些已识别的求职模式有很大的关联.
- 失业的老年工人虽然采用了更多的搜索方法,但在找到新工作方面,与有工作的同行相比,他们的成功程度较低.
结论:
- 求职策略显著影响老年工人的就业结果.
- 需要有针对性的干预措施,重点是失业前的技能培养和教育.
- 劳动力发展计划应量身定制,以支持低技能,低收入的老年工人.
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