针对轻度认知障碍的老年人认知功能的非药理学多模式干预:范围审查
Raffy Chi-Fung Chan1, Joson Hao-Shen Zhou1, Yuan Cao2
1Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong).
JMIR aging
|May 12, 2025
概括
多种模式的非药物干预,结合体力和认知训练,显著改善了老年轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 的认知功能. 需要进一步研究这些认知增强策略的成本效益和最佳剂量.
科学领域:
- 老年学和认知神经科学
- 公共卫生与人口老龄化
背景情况:
- 全球人口老龄化导致痴呆症患病率增加,需要有效的认知增强策略.
- 非药物干预措施在改善老年人的认知方面表现有前途.
- 缺乏对干预组合和持续时间的黄金标准,阻碍了有效性评估.
研究的目的:
- 进行范围审查,确定和总结非药物多式干预对轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 的特征和结果.
- 综合有关旨在预防老年人认知能力下降的干预措施的证据.
主要方法:
- 在4个电子数据库 (MEDLINE,PsycINFO,CINAHL,Web of Science) 进行系统搜索,这些数据库遵循阿克西和奥马利框架和PRISMA-ScR指南.
- 搜索于2023年7月6日进行,并于2024年4月17日更新,使用特定术语和关键字.
- 包括来自18个国家的45项研究 (2014-2024年),涉及4705名参与者.
主要成果:
- 多模式干预,特别是结合体育训练 (PT) 和认知训练 (CT),显示了注意力,全球认知,执行功能,记忆,处理速度和口语流性的显著改善.
- 技术整合增强了PT和CT交付和效果.
- 多模式方法比单模式干预或常规护理更好地表现出结果,具有有希望的接受性和坚持性.
结论:
- 有限的研究存在于多式干预措施的成本效益和最佳剂量用于认知增强.
- 未来的研究应该集中在长期影响,标准化的MCI标准和多式联络干预的结果措施上.
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