对用于旨在改变自闭症个体体育活动行为的干预措施中使用的行为改变技术进行系统审查
Katherine Parsons1, Simon Payne1, Lakshmi Bhaska1
1Aberystwyth University, Dept. Psychology, UK.
Psychology of sport and exercise
|May 12, 2025
概括
对自闭症个体的体力活动干预措施在适应自闭症并以理论为基础时显示出希望. 针对自闭症的具体适应,如感官考虑,显著提高了干预的有效性.
科学领域:
- 行为科学是一种行为科学.
- 自闭症研究的研究.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 自闭症患者面临着严重的健康差异,这些差异往往因体力活动水平较低而加剧.
- 改变生活方式,特别是增加体力活动,可以减轻这些健康问题.
- 现有的身体活动行为改变干预措施在自闭症患者中未得到充分探索.
研究的目的:
- 在自闭症患者的体力活动干预中,系统地审查行为改变技术 (BCT).
- 在这些干预中评估心理学理论和自闭症特异性适应的应用.
- 评估不同BCT和适应措施的有效性,以促进身体活动.
主要方法:
- 按照PRISMA指南,对五个数据库进行了系统的文献搜索.
- 包括针对自闭症参与者的身体活动的干预研究.
- 使用行为变化分类学 (BCTTv1) 编码干预组件,并使用"承诺比率"评估有效性.
主要成果:
- 包括33项研究 (26项以儿童为重点,7项以成人为重点).
- 自闭症特异性适应 (例如,感官考虑,结构化环境) 与更高的干预承诺有关.
- 有效的技巧因年龄而异:目标设定和行为排练对于成年人,示范和强化对儿童.
结论:
- 基于理论的和适应自闭症的干预措施有可能增加自闭症患者的身体活动.
- 未来的研究应该专注于高质量的设计和自闭症患者的有意义参与.
- 严格应用行为理论对于优化干预至关重要.
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