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在气候压力和掠食环境下评估生态系统对渔业产量的上限
Alberto Rovellini1,2, André E Punt1, Martin W Dorn1
1School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
概括
渔业生态系统上限需要考虑气候变化和捕食者与猎物的联系. 阿拉斯加湾目前的上限可能过高,无法在不断变化的条件下保护非目标物种.
科学领域:
- 海洋生态海洋生态学
- 渔业科学 渔业科学
- 基于生态系统的管理.
背景情况:
- 基于生态系统的渔业管理旨在纳入物种相互作用和生态系统过程.
- 对于多种类的渔业,已提出整个生态系统的捕捞上限,但由于复杂性,很少实施.
- 鱼类资源的生产受到环境条件,物种相互作用和捕捞压力的影响.
研究的目的:
- 调查生态系统上限是否应考虑气候变化和掠食者-猎物动态.
- 为了评估阿拉斯加湾最佳收益率上限的有效性.
- 评估复杂海洋生态系统的管理目标.
主要方法:
- 利用了亚特兰蒂斯端到端的海洋生态系统模型.
- 在阿拉斯加湾的12个主要种群中,模拟多种类的地下鱼产量.
- 嵌入式气候和渔业场景,包括捕食者-猎物动态.
主要成果:
- 在经过测试的情景下,地面鱼的总产量没有超过80万的最佳产量上限.
- 预计气候变化导致地下鱼产量下降.
- 箭牙鱼的捕食和对捕食者的间接影响发生了尽管上限,表明潜在的无效性.
结论:
- 目前阿拉斯加湾的最佳产量上限可能过高.
- 不有效的上限可能无法保护非目标物种,特别是在气候变化和低捕食者利用的情况下.
- 当环境条件,种群生产力或物种相互作用发生变化时,生态系统上限需要审查.
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