使用真实世界的数据和机器学习来识别临床结果的预测性亚现象型
Weishen Pan1, Deep Hathi2, Zhenxing Xu1
1Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.
Nature communications
|May 12, 2025
概括
这项研究引入了图形编码混合物生存率 (GEMS),以确定患者亚表型,以预测高级非小细胞肺癌 (aNSCLC) 治疗反应. GEMS改善了整体存活率 (OS) 的预测,并揭示了个性化治疗的不同患者群体.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 生物信息学是一种生物信息学.
- 机器学习 机器学习
背景情况:
- 预测治疗反应至关重要,但由于患者异质性而具有挑战性.
- 对于电子健康记录 (EHR) 数据的现有无监督机器学习方法缺乏在患者集群中保证结果的一致性.
- 识别不同的患者亚表型是理解和管理治疗变异性的关键.
研究的目的:
- 开发一个机器学习框架,图形编码混合物生存 (GEMS),用于识别具有连贯生存结果的预测子类型.
- 将GEMS应用于接受一线免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI) 治疗的高级非小细胞肺癌 (aNSCLC) 患者.
- 改善整体存活率 (OS) 的预测,并了解治疗反应异质性.
主要方法:
- 拟议的图形编码混合生存 (GEMS),一个新的机器学习框架.
- 利用了先进的非小细胞肺癌 (aNSCLC) 患者的现实数据集,这些患者正在接受一线免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI) 治疗.
- 采用GEMS来根据EHR数据识别不同的患者亚表型,并预测整体存活率 (OS).
主要成果:
- 在预测整体存活率 (OS) 方面,GEMS的表现优于基线方法.
- 在aNSCLC患者队列中确定了三种可复制的亚型.
- 这些子类型表现出不同的基线临床特征和差异性的OS结果.
结论:
- GEMS有效地识别了预测性亚表型,解决了治疗反应中的异质性.
- 已识别的亚现型为高级非小细胞肺癌 (aNSCLC) 患者的治疗变异性提供了洞察力.
- 这种方法有可能告知和个性化免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI) 治疗选择.
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