公共援助计划和老年人之间的食物多样性:使用日本老年学评估研究数据进行的横截面研究:公共援助计划和食物多样性
Kotone Tanaka1, Daisuke Nishioka2, Atsushi Nakagomi3
1School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health and Social Services, Kanagawa University of Human Services, 1-10-1 Heiseicho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, 238-8522, Japan. tanaka-rt8@kuhs.ac.jp.
International journal for equity in health
|May 12, 2025
概括
接受公共援助的人,尤其是男性,食物多样性较低. 一起吃饭可以改善这些人的饮食多样性,突出了超越经济援助的社区整合支持的需要.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
背景情况:
- 贫困和社会孤立对维持多样化的饮食构成重大障碍.
- 虽然公共援助提供了财政援助,但它可能无法完全满足营养需求.
- 了解弱势群体之间的食物多样性差异对于公共卫生至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查接受公共援助的老年人和没有接受公共援助的老年人之间的食物多样性的差异.
- 探索社会饮食模式在减轻食物多样性的潜在差异中的作用.
主要方法:
- 一项采用14467名65岁以上日本成年人的数据进行的横截面研究.
- 饮食多样性评分 (DVS) 评估了10个食物组的消费.
- 一般的线性模型分析了公共援助,一起吃饭和DVS之间的关联,并调整了共变量.
主要成果:
- 接受公共援助的男性与非接受者相比,DVS明显较低 (调整后β: -0.72,p=0.04).
- 在公共援助和女性的DVS之间没有发现显著的关联 (调整后β: -0.19,p=0.66).
- 在男性中观察到公共援助和一起吃饭之间的相互作用效应 (p=0.07).
结论:
- 接受公共援助的人,尤其是男性,表现出食物多样性的减少.
- 鼓励共同用餐可以增强男性接受者的饮食多样性.
- 公共援助计划应包括基于社区的支持,以促进社会联系和改善粮食安全.
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