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在非人类灵长类动物中对拉克罗斯病毒感染的年龄依赖的易感性和免疫反应

Clayton W Winkler¹, Tyson A Woods², Aaron B Carmody³

¹Laboratory of Neurological Infections and Immunity, Department of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institutes of Health, 903 S. 4th St., Hamilton, MT, 59840, USA. winklercw@niaid.nih.gov.

Scientific reports

|May 13, 2025

概括

年轻的对拉克罗斯病毒 (LACV) 具有较弱的先天免疫反应,但可能会通过更强的CD4+T细胞反应补偿,这表明依赖于年龄的病毒易感性. 对潜在的脑炎治疗方法需要进一步的研究.

科学领域:

病毒学病毒学
免疫学免疫学免疫学
传染性疾病传染性疾病

背景情况:

拉克罗斯病毒 (LACV) 是美国儿科病毒性脑炎的重要原因.
成年人很少受到LACV的影响,这表明年龄相关的易感性.
(Cynomolgus macaques) 被用作研究与年龄相关的LACV反应的模型.

研究的目的:

为了确定Cynomolgus是否表现出年龄依赖于LACV的敏感性.
为了比较感染LACV的断奶,青少年和成年的免疫反应.
为了探索普通鱼作为LACV诱导脑炎的模型的潜力.

主要方法:

测量了不同年龄组的天真和LACV感染的免疫反应 (断奶,青少年,成年).
分析了病毒RNA水平,树突细胞计数,IFN刺激基因 (ISG),化学因子,T细胞群 (CD4 +,CD8 +) 和中和抗体.
为了评估易感性,常见的海被鼻内感染了LACV.

主要成果:

没有子患上疾病,但幼的幼表现出较低的树突细胞数量和较弱的先天免疫基因诱导.
带有较弱先天反应的断奶婴儿在更长时间内具有更高的病毒RNA水平.
虽然CD8+ T细胞和中和抗体在不同年龄段是相似的,但年轻的有更高的CD4+ T细胞比例.
一只鱼在感染后的23天内表现出鼻腔粘膜感染和炎症.

结论:

年轻的表现出对LACV的先天免疫反应不那么强,但可能具有补偿性的CD4+T细胞反应.
的年龄相关免疫反应反映了人类对LACV的敏感性模式.
虽然在本研究中没有观察到脑炎,但常见的海豚可以作为研究LACV感染的模型.

关键词:

与年龄相关的敏感性免疫反应的免疫反应.干扰素刺激基因的干扰素刺激基因拉克罗斯病毒病毒非人类灵长类的灵长类.一个T细胞细胞.

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