相关实验视频
Updated: May 17, 2025

10:28
Author Spotlight: RNAi Inheritance and ChIP in C. elegans
Published on: May 5, 2023
3.7K
在Drosophila virilis中产生基因piRNA的基因基因位点的变异性行为
Alina V Bespalova1, Dina A Kulikova2, Elena S Zelentsova1
1Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
International journal of molecular sciences
|May 14, 2025
概括
皮维相互作用RNAs (piRNAs) 指导可转移的元素沉默. 母亲的piRNAs可以在表观遗传上转换piRNA生产的基位,但这种效应有所不同,可能涉及端粒色素特征.
科学领域:
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 表观遗传学 在表观遗传学中,表观遗传学是指表观遗传学.
- RNA生物学的RNA生物学
背景情况:
- 皮维相互作用RNAs (piRNAs) 对于沉默胚胎细胞中的可转移元素 (TE) 是必不可少的.
- piRNA集群可以通过一种类似于基因突变的过程,在表观遗传上将TE插入转化为新的piRNA集群.
- 对于piRNA集群转换能力的变异性尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 研究影响piRNA集群转换能力的因素.
- 检查基因组修饰和母体传播在piRNA生物发生过程中的作用.
- 了解telomeric亚染色体对piRNA集群功能的影响.
主要方法:
- 研究了两种Drosophila virilis菌株,它们从RhoGEF3和Adar loci产生差异性的piRNA.
- 评估了piRNA生成区域的3氨酸9三甲基化 (H3K9me3) 水平.
- 追踪了跨代的piRNA生产,包括从母亲传播的影响.
主要成果:
- 活跃的piRNA生成与高的H3K9me3水平相关.
- 孕产妇的piRNA诱导了从以前不活跃的同源位点产生piRNA的产生.
- 在RhoGEF3位点保持转换,而在Adar位点转换是短暂的.
- 端粒的近距离和染色质环境可能会影响类似于变异的piRNA集群行为.
结论:
- piRNA集群表观遗传转换受到piRNAs,母体传播和潜在的亚端粒染色体结构的影响.
- 在不同位置之间,piRNA集群转换的稳定性有所不同.
- 这些发现为Drosophila基因组表观遗传调节提供了新的见解.
相关概念视频
piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs
6.7K
PIWI-interacting RNAs, or piRNAs, are the most abundant short non-coding RNAs. More than 20,000 genes have been found in humans that code for piRNAs while only 2000 genes have been found for miRNAs. piRNAs can act at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and have a vital role in silencing transposable elements present in germ cells. They are also involved in epigenetic silencing and activation. Previously, they were thought to function only in germ cells but new evidence suggests...
6.7K
RNA Interference
25.8K
RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
25.8K
Experimental RNAi
6.0K
RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
6.0K
siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs
16.3K
Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the...
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the...
16.3K
Non-LTR Retrotransposons
11.3K
As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons use distinct mechanisms of mobilization. Non-LTR retrotransposons are further divided into two classes - Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), both of which occur abundantly in most mammals, including humans. Some of the active non-LTR retrotransposons in humans are L1...
11.3K
DNA-only Transposons
14.3K
DNA-only transposons are called autonomous transposons since they code for the enzyme transposase that is required for the transposition mechanism. Insertion of transposons can alter gene functions in multiple ways. They can mutate the gene, alter gene expression by introducing a novel promoter or insulator sequence, introduce new splice sites, and change the mRNA transcripts produced, or remodel chromatin structure.
The donor site from where the transposon is excised is either degraded or...
The donor site from where the transposon is excised is either degraded or...
14.3K

