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在比赛期间,男性和女性精英健美运动员的水合策略和身体组成差异
Frano Giakoni-Ramírez1, Catalina Muñoz-Strale1, Josivaldo de Souza-Lima1
1Faculty of Education and Social Sciences, Institute Sports and Wellbeing, Universidad Andres Bello, Las Condes, Santiago 7550000, Chile.
精英男性和女性健美运动员表现出明显的身体水分分布. 了解细胞内 (ICW) 和细胞外 (ECW) 水中的这些基于性别的差异是优化水分和性能策略的关键.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 身体组成分析 身体成分分析
背景情况:
- 身体的组成和水分,特别是细胞内水 (ICW) 和细胞外水 (ECW) 的平衡,对于健美表现和美学至关重要.
- 有限的研究存在于水合策略的性别差异及其对竞争性健美结果的影响.
研究的目的:
- 在国际比赛期间,在男性和女性精英健美运动员之间描述和比较ICW和ECW分布.
- 检查精英健美运动员水区与关键生理参数之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及34名精英健美运动员 (18名男性,16名女性) 的横截面研究.
- 使用多频生物电阻分析 (BIA) 评估的身体组成.
- 评估的参数包括总体水分,ICW,ECW和相角 (PhA);通过学生的t测试分析的性别差异 (p <0.05).
主要成果:
- 男性健美运动员的ICW (33.1 ± 2.8 L vs. 25.7 ± 2.5 L; p < 0.001) 和相角 (PhA) (8.2 ± 0.7 vs. 7.0 ± 0.9; p < 0.05) 显著更高,表明更大的肌肉质量和细胞完整性.
- 女性健美运动员表现出较高的ECW-to-总体水分比率 (42.7%对39.5%;p <0.05),可能是由于荷尔蒙和代谢因素.
- 在水区分布中观察到基于性别的显著差异.
结论:
- 强调了在竞争性健美运动中,针对性别的水分和身体成分管理方法的重要性.
- 在ICW和ECW分布中观察到的差异需要个性化的培训,营养和水分策略,以获得最佳的表现和健康.
- 建议未来进行纵向研究,以了解整个比赛准备过程中的水化动态.
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