替代一次性塑料吸管的环境和经济影响:希腊的生命周期评估
Panagiota Eleni1, Christos Boukouvalas2
1Exelisis IKE, Consulting Company, Leof. Dekelias 215 & Skra 2, 14342 Athens, Greece.
Polymers
|May 14, 2025
概括
小麦吸管为塑料吸管提供了最好的环境替代品,显著减少碳排放. 尽管消费者更喜欢传统的塑料,但对环境风险的认识影响了对可持续选择的接受.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 消费者行为 消费者行为
背景情况:
- 在禁令之前,欧盟每年使用的塑料吸管超过300亿,造成严重的环境和健康风险.
- 欧盟对一次性塑料的禁令刺激了各种替代性草材料的开发.
- 评估这些替代品的环境和经济可行性对于可持续消费至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估不同的草替代品对环境的影响和成本效益.
- 为了比较小麦,塑料,金属,纸张,生物塑料,竹子和吸管.
- 了解消费者偏好和影响采用新类型吸管的社会经济因素.
主要方法:
- 使用ReCiPe 2016方法和ISO 14040/44标准进行生命周期评估 (LCA).
- 对每种吸管类型进行初步成本分析.
- 消费者偏好调查以衡量对替代品的接受度.
主要成果:
- 小麦的环境影响最低 (0.0568公斤二氧化碳等值/年).
- 塑料吸管最便宜 (0.30欧元/年),但排放量更高 (0.084公斤二氧化碳等值/年).
- 可重复使用的金属吸管具有较高的洗排放 (影响的85%),纸质/生物塑料吸管比塑料具有更高的气候影响,竹吸管最昂贵 (7.97欧元/年).
结论:
- 小麦吸管是最环保的选择,尽管成本比塑料更高.
- 消费者对塑料吸管的偏好仍然存在,但对环境问题的认识推动了对可重复使用的替代品的开放.
- 在采用新的草材料时,成本等社会经济因素不如消费者接受度和环境意识那么重要.
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