在基于机器视觉的双托利码头集装箱起重机转移平台上的集装箱的高精度立体测量
Jiaqi Wang1, Mengjie He2, Yujie Zhang1,3
1Logistics Engineering College, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|May 14, 2025
概括
本研究介绍了一种机器视觉方法,用于准确地测量码头起重机上的集装箱姿势. 该系统在复杂的港口环境中提高了准确性,实现了毫米级的精度,以实现高效和稳定的运营.
科学领域:
- 机器人和自动化 机器人和自动化
- 计算机视觉 计算机视觉
- 海上物流的海上物流
背景情况:
- 准确的集装箱姿势估计对于自动化码头操作至关重要.
- 复杂的港口环境带来了诸如可变照明和视角扭曲等挑战.
- 现有的方法难以满足多层次的锁孔检测和精度要求.
研究的目的:
- 开发一个强大的机器视觉系统,用于高精度的集装箱姿势测量.
- 在具有挑战性的操作条件下克服当前方法的局限性.
- 提高转运平台上的集装箱处理的准确性和效率.
主要方法:
- 使用固定摄像头和边缘计算实现一个硬件系统.
- 适应性图像增强,以在不同光线下提高功能稳定性.
- 一个基于YOLO11的多尺度物体检测框架,用于准确的锁孔关键点识别.
- 一个增强的EPnP算法与coplanar约束2D-3D姿势转换.
主要成果:
- 在多尺度锁孔检测方面实现了95.1%的mAP@0.5,比基线模型改进了4.7%.
- 将姿势估计错误减少到毫米级 (MAE-P = 0.024 m) 和亚角级 (MAE-θ = 0.11°).
- 与现有的容器立体测量解决方案相比,证明了卓越的准确性,效率和稳定性.
结论:
- 拟议的机器视觉方法为精确的容器姿势测量提供了可行和有效的解决方案.
- 该系统成功地应对了港口环境中复杂的照明和视角变形的挑战.
- 这种方法提高了码头起重机操作的自动化和安全性.
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