通过农林业增强农业生态系统的多功能性:全球定量总结
Antoine Mathieu1, Marc-Olivier Martin-Guay1, David Rivest1
1Département Des Sciences Naturelles & Institut Des Sciences de la forêt tempérée, Université du Québec en Outaouais, Ripon, Quebec, Canada.
Global change biology
|May 14, 2025
概括
与传统农业相比,农林系统在全球范围内提高了23%的生态系统服务和生物多样性. 这些以自然为基础的解决方案促进了支持和监管服务,帮助可持续的粮食生产而不牺牲生产力.
科学领域:
- 农业生态与环境科学 农业生态与环境科学
- 生物多样性保护 生物多样性保护
- 可持续农业 可持续农业
背景情况:
- 农林系统比传统农业提供了生态效益,但它们对生态系统服务和生物多样性的全球影响是复杂的,并且在地理位置上有所不同.
- 现有的研究往往检查有限的生态系统服务或生物多样性指标,阻碍了对农业林业多功能性的全面理解.
研究的目的:
- 量化综合多个大型元分析,以评估农林业对农业生态系统多功能性的全球影响.
- 与传统农业系统相比,捕捉农林业对各种生态系统服务和生物多样性指标的全球影响.
主要方法:
- 汇总了包括全球研究在内的20个元分析的数据,以计算响应比率.
- 分析了3075个农林与传统系统之间的比较,以评估对生物多样性和生产,监管和支持服务的相对影响.
- 检查了沿着干旱度梯度的生态系统服务变化,重点关注土壤有机碳 (SOC) 库存和料生产.
主要成果:
- 农林系统在全球范围内平均提高了23%的生态系统服务提供和生物多样性.
- 对支持和监管服务和生物多样性的积极影响比对生产服务的积极影响更为显著.
- 农林对土壤有机碳的好处在更干燥的环境中更大,而料生产在干旱环境中达到顶峰.
结论:
- 在传统农业中广泛采用农林学可以在全球范围内提高农业生态系统的多功能性.
- 农林业通过改善生态系统服务和生物多样性,而不会损害生产力,支持可持续的粮食生产.
- 调查结果强调,农林业是全球农业景观适应性和可持续性的关键战略.
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