大猩猩和黑猩猩中CD4的适应传递了对猿类免疫缺陷病毒的耐药性
Cody J Warren1, Arturo Barbachano-Guerrero1, Vanessa L Bauer1
1Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado, Boulder, United States.
eLife
|May 14, 2025
概括
猿类免疫缺陷病毒 (SIVs) 推动了猿类CD4受体的耐药性进化,防止了SIV/HIV-1直接传播给人类. 这种病毒压力塑造了人猿种群,并影响了SIV/HIV的出现历史.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
背景情况:
- 类似免疫缺陷病毒 (SIV) 是非洲子特有的灵长类隐形病毒.
- 艾滋病毒-1向人类的传播源于非洲猿的SIV,而不是直接来自子.
- 晶状病毒入口受体CD4在SIV/HIV的出现中起着关键作用.
研究的目的:
- 调查CD4在历史上的SIV跳跃到大猿中的作用.
- 了解猿人CD4如何进化对SIV感染的耐药性.
- 分析SIV对猿类CD4进化的选择性压力.
主要方法:
- 古人猿CD4变种的重建和功能测试.
- 从大猩猩种群中测序CD4基因以确定变异.
- 功能性试验评估SIV进入表达不同CD4变异的细胞.
- 在各种类人猿物种中对CD4等位基因的种群遗传分析.
主要成果:
- 祖先的猿人CD4受体支持SIVs的进入,这些SIV跳跃到猿人.
- 现代黑猩猩和大猩猩的CD4基因对SIV入侵具有抗性.
- 大猩猩CD4中的特定替代物赋予了对SIV入侵的抵抗力.
- 在大猩猩和黑猩猩中,有证据表明对SIV抗性CD4等位基因的阳性选择.
结论:
- SIV对猿类CD4进化施加了显著的选择性压力.
- 在人猿中出现了抗SIV的CD4等位基因,影响了SIV/HIV传播动态.
- 了解CD4进化提供了对lentiviral出现和灵长类宿主-病原体相互作用的见解.
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