用普通话说话的自闭症,发育迟缓和典型发育的儿童的表达词汇:一个横截面研究
Min Liu1,2, Yuran Luo3, Xiaopeng Bai4
1Shanghai Institute of AI for Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
Journal of autism and developmental disorders
|May 14, 2025
概括
与典型的发展同龄人相比,患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的儿童表现出不同的表达词汇模式. 患有自闭症的普通话儿童表现出不典型的词汇学习,与发育迟缓 (DD) 儿童不同.
科学领域:
- 语言学的语言学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
背景情况:
- 患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的儿童表达性词汇发展研究不足,特别是在非英语语境.
- 了解这些语言特征对于早期识别和干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地识别ASD的3至6岁普通话儿童的表达词汇特征.
- 为了比较他们的词汇使用与发育相匹配的儿童发育迟缓 (DD) 和年龄相匹配的典型发育 (TD) 儿童.
主要方法:
- 对21名患有自闭症儿童,18名患有DD儿童和15名患有TD儿童的自发语言样本 (10分钟的自由游戏) 的分析.
- 基于普通话语语法特征的评估,重点关注词令牌,类型和类型对令牌比率 (TTR).
主要成果:
- 所有的群体都更喜欢动词. 与TD儿童相比,ASD儿童的内容和功能词类型/令牌较少.
- 在大多数词汇指标上,ASD组与DD组相似,但显示出微妙的差异,包括比TD和DD组更高的总TTR.
- 与DD儿童相比,ASD儿童的常用名词类型和代词标记较少.
结论:
- TD儿童的语言发展体现在标准化测试和自发言语中,与ASD儿童不同.
- 在DD和ASD组之间表达词汇的定性差异表明ASD儿童的非典型词汇学习机制.
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