美国医疗居民死亡原因
Nicholas A Yaghmour1,2, William E Bynum3, Frederic W Hafferty1
1Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education, Chicago, Illinois.
JAMA network open
|May 14, 2025
概括
医疗人员因癌症死亡的数量有所下降,但自杀率仍然令人担忧,尤其是在培训的第一年. 需要进一步的研究来解决学员在关键转型期间的痛苦和幸福感.
科学领域:
- 医学教育 医学教育
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 死亡率研究 死亡率研究
背景情况:
- 从2000年到2014年,瘤疾病和自杀是美国医疗居民死亡的主要原因.
- 了解居民死亡的趋势和原因对于改善医生福祉至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定自2014年以来,美国医疗住院死亡率是否发生了变化.
- 调查居民死亡的原因是否因医疗专业而异.
主要方法:
- 一项横截面研究分析了2000-2014年和2015-2021年期间死亡的居民和研究员的国家死亡指数数据.
- 普森回归模型被用来比较两个时期和跨专业的死亡率.
- 居民死亡率与一般人口中年龄和性别匹配的同龄人进行了比较.
主要成果:
- 在2015-2021年期间,161名居民在训练期间死亡;自杀占29.2%,瘤疾病占17.4%.
- 与2000年至2014年相比,由瘤疾病引起的死亡率显著下降 (IRR,0.59).
- 其他原因 (包括自杀) 的死亡率保持不变;居民死亡率低于一般人口.
- 病理学是自杀率最高的 (19.76/100,000人年),精神病学是瘤疾病率最高的 (9.67/100,000),麻醉学是意外中毒率最高的 (15.46/100,000).
结论:
- 虽然在住院医生中,由瘤疾病引起的死亡人数有所减少,但自杀仍然是一个重大问题,特别是在培训的最初一年.
- 解决学员的痛苦和幸福感,尤其是在计划过渡期间,是必不可少的.
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